Oral Medications and other routes Flashcards
Define standing orders.
to be carried out until canceled by HCP or number of days elapsed
Define one time/single orders.
given once at a specific time
Define NOW orders.
the nurse has 90 minutes to give a onetime order
Define verbal orders.
an order given face to face. this type of order is discouraged.
Define STAT orders.
single dose of medication given immediately
Define telephone orders.
given verbally over the telephone. this type of order is discouraged
Define PRN orders.
to be given when the patient requires it
Define therapeutic effects of medications.
the expected or predicted physiological response caused by the medication.
Define adverse effects of medications.
undesired, unintended, and many times unpredictable responses to medications.
Define side effects of medications.
a predictable and many times unavoidable effect. produced from a therapeutic dose of medication.
Define toxic effects of medications.
develop after prolonged intake of a medication ow when there is medication accumulation in the blood due to impaired metabolism or excretion.
Define idiosyncratic reactions of medications.
unpredictable effects in which there is over reaction or under reaction to a medication or a reaction that is different from the expected reaction.
Define allergic reaction of medications.
unpredictable responses to a medication.
Define medication interaction.
when one medication modifies the action of another. common when individuals take many medications.
Define medication tolerance.
occurs over time. the nurse will note patients receive more and more medication to achieve the same desired effect.
Define therapeutic range of a medication.
a consistent blood level of a medication within a safe range
Define trough concentration of a medication.
The minimum blood serum concentration of medication reached just before the next scheduled dose.
Define peak concentration of a medication.
The highest effective level of medication in the blood.
Define medication error.
any preventable event that may cause inappropriate medication use or jeopardize patient safety.
Give examples of common medication errors.
inaccurate prescribing
administering the wrong medication
giving the medication using the wrong route
giving the medication at the wrong time
giving an extra dose of medication
failing to administer a medication
Define medication reconciliation.
the healthcare team compare medications that a patient is currently taking with what the patient should be taking as well as any newly ordered medications looking for duplicated and omitted orders.
List the rights of medication administration.
The right patient
The right medication
The right dose
The right time
The right route
The right indication based on patient assessment
The right patient education
The right to refuse
The right documentation
Define polypharmacy.
the use of multiple medications
the use of inappropriate or unnecessary medications
the use of medications that does not match a diagnosis
How would you administer a sublingual medication?
Instruct the patient to place under their tongue and allow it to dissolve.
How would you administer a buccal medication?
Instruct the patient to position the medication between their gums and cheek and allow the medication to dissolve.
