Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS4 > Oral Med > Flashcards

Oral Med Flashcards

1
Q

3 herpes group viruses associated with intraoral vesiculation?

A

Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2

Epstein -Barr virus

Varcella Zoster virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name 2 oral mucosal diseases caused by COXSACKIE virus?

A

Hand, foot and mouth

Herpangina - mouth blisters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name 2 oral diseases that are caused by Esptein- Barr virus?

A

Glandular fever

Hairy leukoplakia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which caranial nerve does herpes simplex become residant to on the lower lip - nerve and branch?

A

Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is mucostis?

A

inflammation and ulceration caused by chemo and radio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the percent of oral candidosis ppresnet in cancer patients?

A

47-87%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do you access cancer?

A

Early detection of cancer (Screening)

Assessment of identified cancer (Staging) may include biopsy

Planning cancer treatment (Radiotherapy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the types of cancer treatment?

A

Surgical –most effective for small encapsulated tumors(clear margins reduce recurrance)

-remove complete tumor, may also remove regional lymph nodes if suspicious of spead

Chemotherapy –kill tumor cells without harming host- rarely possible

Radiotherapy – ionising radiation damage to cellular DNA has to be delivered over time due to different cell dividing times thus moderate to high dose to overlying tissue

Combination Treatments

Palliative Therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the signs of histopathological changes in cancer?

A

Loss of polarity

Dysplasia

Mitoctic cells

Loss of basal membrane

Pleomorphism of cell and nucli

Epithelium cell nest (keratin pearl)

Hypochromatism of neculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the causes of ulceration?

A

Trauma

Idiopathic

Allergies

Drug induced

Nutritional deficiencies

Immunologica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What percentage of leukoplakia may become malignent?

A

0.2-4%

Erythroplakia- less common but higher malignancy rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percent of oral malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas?

A

more then 90%

  • tobacco- smoking or smokeless tobacco
  • betel quid (chewing habits)
  • alcohol (acetaldehyde)
  • diet and nutrition
  • oral hygiene
  • viruses HPV HSV EBV HHV-8
  • Immunodeficiency
  • socioeconomic factors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the most common sites for oral cancer?

A

floor of mouth - 45%

soft palate- 25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a virus?

A

a microscopic entity consisting of a single nucleic acid surrounded by a proteint coat and is only able to replicate within a living thing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 5 stages of viral replication?`

A

Adsorption-Virus recognizes and attaches to specific host cell. Spikes on envelope attach or proteins on capsule match receptors on host cell

Penetration-Virus taken into cell by endocytosis or viral envelope fuses with host cell membrane and dumps content into host cell

Replication-Viral genes are copied within minutes and mass produced into viral parts

Assembly-Individual viral parts are assembled into a whole virus

Release- New active viruses are released from host cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the characteristics of kaposis sarcama accosiated herpes virus?

A
  • vascular tumor
  • Associated with AIDS
  • latrogenic (organ transplant patients)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is oral mucosa comprised of ?

A
  • Stratisfied squamous epithelium

- lamina propria (loose connective tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 type of of oral mucosa?

A
  • lining non-keritinised dark mucosaa(buccal, floor of mouth, soft palate)
  • masticatory keratinised dark mucosa (hard palate, gingivae and tongue)
  • gustatory mucosa(areas of the tongue where taste buds are
19
Q

What are the two types of keratinised tissue?

A
  • Orthokeratosis

- Parakeratosis

20
Q

What are the possible reactions in the epithelium?

A
  • keratosis
  • atrophy
  • erosion
  • ulceration
  • oedena
  • blisters
21
Q

What are the different types of lichen planus?

A

-desquamative gingivitis
-Bullous
-reticular
-papular
-plaque like
-erosive
atrophic

22
Q

What is dysplasia?

A

the disordered/abnormal growth in a tissue

  • which is only diagnosed histologically not clinically

Mild- observe and re-biopsy
moderate- rmove
severe- remove

23
Q

What is atypia?

A

change in cells - only diagnosed via histo and not clinically

24
Q

How does an iron deficiancy affect the oral cavity?

A
  • person is predispositioned to infection (Oral candidosis is common)
  • loss of papillae pattern
  • atrophy of the tongue
25
Q

How does Vit B12 deficiencies affect the oral cavity ?

A
  • Macroglossia
  • Burning mouth syndrome
  • geographic tongue
26
Q

How does a folate deficiency affect the oral cavity?

A
  • macroglossia

- geographic tongue

27
Q

how would a vit C deficiency affect the oral cavity ?

A

gingival scurvy

Vit C is required fr cross-linking during connective tissue which causes non-repair of the mucosa

28
Q

What are fordyce spots?

A

inactive sebaceous glands

29
Q

What is smokers keratosis?

A

dark areas of the palate caused by melanin production which leaks into the connective tissue and is then engulfed with macrophages

30
Q

What is the likeliness that smokers will have leukoplakia?

A

6 times more likely

31
Q

What is frictional keratosis?

A

caused by bruxism

32
Q

What is lichen planus?

A

an autoimmune condition which has has no known cause but lichenoid reactions with a known cause

  • oral cases linked with 10-30% or skin lesions
  • skin cases linked with 50% of oral cases
33
Q

HOw would you differentiate between lichen planus and lupus erythmatous?

A

lupus erythamatous can be found on the palate and thus rules out lichen planus .

(Red with white striae)`

34
Q

What is the definitionn of congenital?

A

diseases, defects or deformaties from birth without being hereditary

35
Q

What acquired cinditions may be developmental ?

A
  • Infective
  • Trauma
  • neoplastic
36
Q

What are the types of fibrous lesions?

A

REACTIVE-

  • fiberous overgrowth
  • hyperplasia
  • fibro-epithelial polyp
  • Fibromatosis
  • Neoplasms
37
Q

What types of fiberous overgrowth is present in denture wearers?

A

-denture induced hyperplasia
-leaf fibroma
papillary hyperplasia of the palate

38
Q

What are the difference between tori and osteomas?

A

osteomas increase in size and have symptoms, tori do not

39
Q

What are the types of mucosal neoplasms?

A
  • benign- squamous cell papilloma (wart of HPV)
  • Malignant - squamous cell carcinoma
  • Epithelial
  • connective tissue
  • vascular - kaposis sarcoma
40
Q

What is granulation tissue?

A

is fibro-vascular new tissue with microscopic blood vessels which form on the surface of the wound during the healing process which groows from the base of a wound

41
Q

What is OFG??

A

a condition which there is lymphatic obstruction from giant cell granulomatis which causes accumulation of tissue fluid with resulting oedema. Linked with chrones and sarcoidosis disease

42
Q

what is seen histologically process in OFG?

A
  • giant cell formation
  • increased tissue fluid produced due to inflammation
  • lyphatic obstruction
43
Q

What are the common causes of ulceration in the mouth?

A

Trauma (heals within 2 weeks when cause is removed)

Immunological

  • Recurrent aphthous ulcers
  • Lichen planus
  • Lupus
  • Vesiculo-bulbous
  • Erythema multiforme

Carcinoma

Infections

  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Fungal

Gastrointestinal

  • Crohn’s disease
  • Ulcerative colitis

Drugs related
-Nicorandil – angina pectoris vasodilator drug

44
Q

What are the types of recurrent oral ulceration?

A

Categories:

  • Minor
  • Major
  • Herpetiform
  • Behçet’s syndrome

Non-aphthous

  • Traumatic ulceration e.g. orthodontic appliance rubbing
  • Lichen planus

Vesiculo-bulbous diseases

  • Pemphigoid
  • Pemphigus
  • Angina bullosa haemorrhagica

Viral infections

BDS4 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions