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Oral Path > Oral Manif > Flashcards

Oral Manif Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic inflammation

A

biofilm bacteria causing inflammation
produce cell inflammation mediators
internal stiffening can lead MI and stroke
years to elevated systemic inflammation lead to destructive effects on target tissues

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2
Q

systemic disease and the oral cavity

A

mucosal inflammation, ulceration, bleeding
opportunistic infections
xerostomia
poor wound healing, perio

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3
Q

hyperpituitarism - acromegaly

A 
patient’s in 40’s
enlarged hands and feet, deep voice (schwartzenager)
enlarged maxilla and mandible 
separation of teeth and malocclusion
thick lips and tongue
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4
Q

hyperthyroidism - grave’s disease

A 
more common in women
rosy complexion, sweating, osteoporosis
bugging eyes
premature loss of primary teeth, premature eruption of permanent teeth
progressive caries and perio
burning tongue
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5
Q

hypothyroidism

A

cretinism (kids), myxedema (adults)
autoimmune, iodine deficiency, drug induced
thick lips, enlarged tongue
delay eruption

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6
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

primary (tumor) / secondary (kidney failure)
middle aged adults, women
elevated serum calcium and reduced serum phosphorous
uni or multilocular radiolucencies filled with giant cells
loss of lamina dura
loose teeth

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7
Q

hypoadrenalism

A

addison’s disease
autoimmune or tumor etiology
bronzing of the skin
melanotic macula said on oral mucosa

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8
Q

diabetes type I

A

early onset
destruction of beta cells of pancreas
insulin deficiency, requires insulin
poor wound healing, eyes, cardiovascular, kidneys, nerves

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9
Q

type II diabetes

A

late onset
insulin resistance (loss of receptors)
controlled by diet, exercise, oral hypogylcemics
poor wound healing, eyes, cardiovascular, kidneys, nerves

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10
Q

diabetes oral complications

A 
candidiasis
parotid gland enlargement
xerostomia
severe caries and perio
abscesses and infections
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11
Q

anemia

A 
reduction of circulating red blood cells
associated with nutritional deficiency
pallor of skin
ulceration
angular cheilitis 
erythema and atrophy 
burning tongue
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12
Q

specific anemias (thalassemia/mediterranean/cooley)

A

inherited (mediterranean cultures)
prominent cheekbones, prominent premaxilla, protrusion of anterior teeth
salt and pepper trabeculae, thin lamina dura, circular radiolucencies

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13
Q

sickle cell

A

inherited
weakness, shortness of breath, fatigue, joint pain, nausea
loss of trabeculae, large irregular marrow spaces

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14
Q

aplastic

A

after chemotherapy or radiation therapy

petechiae or purpuritic spots

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15
Q

polycythemia

A

increase in circulating red blood cells
more common in white men under stress
headache dizziness, pruritis
mucosa is deep red or purple, bleeds easily

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16
Q

neutropenia

A

white blood cell reduction
fever, chills, jaundice, weakness, sore throat
oral infections, necrotizing ulceration, gingival bleeding, perio, lymphadenopathy

17
Q

luekemias

A

excess abnormal white blood cells
fever, weakness, bleeding, weight loss, anorexia
pallor of lips and gingiva, gingival enlargement, oral infections, necrotizing gingivitis, perio, bleeding, petechiae, ecchymoses

18
Q

purpura

A

deficiency of blood platelets, platelet dysfunction
drugs, allergy, autoimmune, kidney failure, vitamin C deficiency
skin easily bruised, hemorrhagic lesions
oozing of blood at gingival margins
petechiae, hemorrhagic blisters
scaling contraindicated if lab tests do not confirm control of condition

19
Q

hemophilia

A

blood coagulation, resulting in severely prolonged clotting time
inherited
easily bruised, hemorrhagic lesions
spontaneous bleeding, petechiae
risk of hemorrhage after scaling or surgical procedures
scaling contraindicated if lab tests do not confirm control of condition

20
Q

celiac spruce

A

sensitivity to dietary gluten
mucosal irrational leads to general malnutrition
diarrhea, nervousness, parathesia of extremities
glossitis
ulceration of oral mucosa

21
Q

immunodeficiency states

A

primary (genetic) or secondary (malnutrition, AIDs, chemotherapy)
frequent infections
mucositis, ulcerated mucosa, candidiasis, malignancies
frequent follow-up and education

22
Q

treatments for head/neck cancer

A

xerostomia
mucositis, ulcerated mucosa, pain on swallowing, loss of taste, candidiasis, caries, perio
risk for osteoradionecrosis
oral evaluation and exam prior to radiation therapy
frequent follow-up and education

23
Q

xerostomia

A

antihypertensives, antipsychotics, antihistamines, anxiolytics
mucositis, ulcers, pain, loss of taste, candidiasis, caries, perio
oral evaluation and exam
may require adjustment of drug regimen or dosage
frequent follow up and patient education

24
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A 
nifedipine, dilantin, cyclosporine
caries and perio
oral evaluation and exam
may require surgical removal of excess tissue, adjustment of drug regimen or dosage
frequent follow up and education
25
Q

staining of tissues

A

tetracycline (irreversible internal, brownish, taken up during tooth formation)
chlorhexidine (external staining reversible, greenish discoloration of teeth and gingiva)

26
Q

Dental erosions (abfraction)

A

GERD, bulimia, citrus products
smooth and glassy teeth
pulp exposure causes sensitivity
rinse with water after reflux/vomiting

27
Q

attrition

A

bruxism, malocclusion, parafunctional habits
indicate stress, emotional, psychological disturbances
recurrence, restoration

28
Q

abrasion

A

loss of tooth structure at cervical area
adverse toothbrushing or foreign objects rubbing
sensitivity

29
Q

lichen planus

A 
autoimmune syndromes
bluish white lines or papules on buccal mucosa, threadlike branches
psychological disturbances
diabetes
gi disturbances
30
Q

apthous ulcer

A

immunological deficiencies
emotional stress, trauma
topical steroids

31
Q

herpes zoster

A

systemic viral infection follows path of nerve axons
unique unilateral presentation
fever, lymphadenitis, pain

32
Q

strophic glossitis

A

painful burning tongue
complete loss of papillae
bald tongue

33
Q

candidiasis

A

fungal infection, ill-fitting dentures, debilitation, immune compromise, diabetes, and drug therapy
pseudomembranous (whites or yellow appearance, removed by cotton swab)
strophic and erythematous

34
Q

angular cheilitis

A

fissuring and maceration at the comissures of the lips

due to bacteria and fungi

35
Q

adverse drug reactions

A

hyperplasia
apthous ulcers, hairy tongue, herpetic lesions, fungal infections, mucositis, xerostomia
change medication, addition of new medications, alternative medications

36
Q

kaposi’s sarcoma

A

multiple bluish nodules with hemorrhages resembling hemangiomas
tender and painful on palpation
malignant lymphomas, other cancers, part of AIDs complex

Oral Path (8 decks)

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