oral hypoglycemics Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of oral hypoglycemics?
To lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
True or False: Metformin is an example of a sulfonylurea.
False
Fill in the blank: __________ is the first-line medication for type 2 diabetes management.
Metformin
Which class of drugs includes glipizide and glyburide?
Sulfonylureas
What mechanism do DPP-4 inhibitors like sitagliptin use?
They increase incretin levels, which help regulate insulin and glucagon.
True or False: Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) can cause weight gain.
True
What is the main action of SGLT2 inhibitors?
They promote glucose excretion in the urine.
Which oral hypoglycemic is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects?
Metformin
What is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?
They stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.
Fill in the blank: __________ is an example of a DPP-4 inhibitor.
Sitagliptin
Which oral hypoglycemic is contraindicated in patients with heart failure?
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
True or False: SGLT2 inhibitors can lead to urinary tract infections.
True
What is a common side effect of sulfonylureas?
Hypoglycemia
Which drug class includes pioglitazone?
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Fill in the blank: __________ is the oral hypoglycemic that can cause lactic acidosis.
Metformin
What is the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in diabetes management?
They enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress appetite.
Which oral hypoglycemic is administered via injection rather than orally?
GLP-1 receptor agonists
What is a potential risk associated with the use of TZDs?
Heart failure
True or False: Metformin can be used in patients with renal impairment.
False
What is the main benefit of using DPP-4 inhibitors?
They have a low risk of causing hypoglycemia.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a common side effect of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Dehydration
Which class of oral hypoglycemics is associated with weight loss?
SGLT2 inhibitors
What is the primary action of Metformin?
To decrease hepatic glucose production.
True or False: Sulfonylureas are effective in type 1 diabetes.
False
