Oral Health Inequalities Flashcards
What are health inequalities?
unfair and avoidable differences between in health across the population, and between different groups within society.
WHO: differences in health status or in distribution of health determinants between different population groups
What are social determinants of health? (categories)
social
local
environmental
What are social determinants of health? - examples
access to healthcare
education
location
socioeconomic status
conditions which people are born, grow, live work
What is Black report (1980)?
In August 1980 the United Kingdom Department of Health and Social Security published the Report of the Working Group on Inequalities in Health
social class determinates of health
health gap - diets, smoking etc
What are the four explanation of health inequalities (Black report)?
artefact
selection
behaviour/cultural
structural
What are the inevitable health inequalities?
ageing biology…
What are the potential avoidable health inequalities?
socially produced
these are unacceptable and unfair
What is selection theories in blacks report?
porr health causes poor social slide
What is behaviours and culture in blacks report?
poor people behave badly - this is datedq
What is the structural and political economy in blacks report?
politics and policy are the cause
What is the most important explanation in blacks report?
- structural and political economy - if the systems in the country are more equitable then it benefits health systems in the country
Summarise marmot review (2010)?
systemically produced-not random , consistent pattern in a population e.g. mortality and morbidity increase with declining social position
socially produced, potentially avoidable e.g. children from low SES have more tooth decay
marmot review (2020), key points? (5 points)
What are the 5 action points which the marmot review detected?
Are inequalities relative?
yes,
relative to countries and areas
marmot review, what is the social gradient in health?
What are the effective policies to reduce inequalities?
What is the upstream/downstream approach?
downstream = media campaigns,
upstream = healthy public policy - local or national initiatives
