Epidemiology of Dental caries

Question 1

What is epidemiology?

Answer 1

the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.

Question 2

What is prevalence?

Answer 2

percentage of population that have the disease divided by the population at risk

the disease which is there now

Question 3

What is incidence?

Answer 3

number of new cases of a disease divided by he population at risk in a given time period

number of new cases over a period of time

Question 4

What is incidence vs prevalence?

Answer 4

incidence is the number of new cases in a given time

Question 5

Answer 5

A 2020 = (1780/39640) x 100
= 4.5%

B = (1826-1780) / 40,000

x100

= 1.15 per 1000

Question 6

What are trends?

Answer 6

these are the changes of differences in the prevalence or incidence of disease with respect to time, location or socioeconomics

Question 7

What are the 2 forms of epidemiology studies?

Answer 7

descriptive and analytical

Question 8

What is a type of descriptive study?

Answer 8

cross-sectional studies

Question 9

What is a descriptive study analysing?

Answer 9

who
where
when

one that is designed to describe the distribution of one or more variables, without regard to any causal or other hypothesis.

Question 10

What is an analytical study?

Answer 10

one in which action will be taken on a cause system to improve the future performance of the system of interest.

cause and effects

Question 11

What is a systemic review?

Answer 11

A systematic review is considered the most trusted form of evidence A systematic review is a scholarly synthesis of the evidence on a clearly presented topic using critical methods to identify, define and assess research on the topic.

Question 12

What is the most important instrument to measure disease?

Answer 12

index

Question 13

What is an index?

Answer 13

is an instrument that enables quantification of a disease or measurement of a state from established criteria

Question 14

What is the index to measure dental caries?

Answer 14

DMFT/dmfT

Question 15

What does DMF stand for?

Answer 15

decayed, missing or filled

Question 16

When use upper/lower case for DMF?

Answer 16

upper case for permanent dentition

lower case for primary dentition

Question 17

In the DMFT system, when do you score a missing tooth 1?

Answer 17

if missing due to caries

Question 18

When is the mean DMFT calculated?

Answer 18

for communities

Question 19

What are the advantages of DMFT?

Answer 19

records current and previous disease

measures prevalence and severity of dental caries

provides standardisation and helps in comparability worldwide

Question 20

What are the disadvantages of DMFT?

Answer 20

assume missing and filled teeth were once carious

restorations could be placed for preventative reasons

inter-observed bias and variability

Question 21

What is the SiC index?

Answer 21

significant caries index

Question 22

Why look at the SiC index for a population?

Answer 22

individuals are sorted according to their DMFT values

calculated DMFT of caries risk group

Question 23

What is the high risk caries population?

Answer 23

top 1/3 of population

Question 24

What epidemiological survey for dental caries, looks at children?

Answer 24

national dental inspection programme 2003-present

Question 25

Describe the trends in this graph

Answer 25

Looks like rural areas like O&S have better % of children with no obvious decay whereas city centre like GGC & are below average

Question 26

What is SMID?

Answer 26

SCOTTISH INDEX FOR MULTIPLE DEGREDATION

Question 27

Describe the trend in this graph?

Answer 27

Overall greater number of children with no decay. Also gap between greatest and lowest SMID closing over time but with greater dep still a way to go

the least deprived areas have the least decay experience compared to most deprived