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Dental Terminology > Oral Health Care > Flashcards

Oral Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

Oral health

A

A state of being free from chronic mouth and facial pain, oral and throat cancer, oral sores, birth defects, periodontal disease, tooth decay and tooth loss

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2
Q

Licensure

A

Process by which a government agency grants an individual the right to practice in its jurisdiction based on meeting predetermined standards and minimal qualifications

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3
Q

Certification

A

Process by which an agency or organization grants formal recognition to an individual for accomplishments

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4
Q

Practice

A

Performance of the duties and responsibilities of a health care profession

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5
Q

Accreditation

A

Process whereby an educational program is evaluated to determine compliance With national established standards

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6
Q

Oral health care team

A

Composed of the dentist, dental therapist, dental hygienist, dental assistant, office support staff and dental laboratory technician

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7
Q

Dental public health

A

The science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through organize community efforts

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8
Q

Endodontics

A

Branch of dentistry which is concerned with the morphology, physiology and pathology of human dental pub and the surrounding tissues.

Root canals

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9
Q

Oral and maxillofacial pathology

A

Deals with the character, identification and management of diseases that affect the oral and maxillofacial regions.

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10
Q

Oral and maxillofacial surgery

A

Includes the diagnosis, surgical an adjunctive treatment of diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and aesthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the Oral and maxillofacial

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11
Q

Orthodontics and dental facial orthopedics

A

Concerned with the prevention and correction of abnormally positioned teeth and malformations of their related structures

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12
Q

Pediatric dentistry

A

Provides primary and comprehensive preventative and therapeutic oral health care for infants and children through adolescence, including those with special health-care needs

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13
Q

Periodontics

A

Encompasses the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the supporting and surrounding tissues of the teeth or there’s substitutes and the maintenance of the Health function and aesthetics of these structures and tissues

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14
Q

Prosthodontics

A

Restoration of natural teeth and/or the replacement of missing teeth and contiguous oral and maxillofacial tissues with artificial substitutes

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15
Q

Oral and maxillofacial radiology

A

Uses imaging and associated technology for the diagnosis and management of a range of conditions affecting the mouth, jaws and related areas of the head and neck

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16
Q

Alveolar bone

A

Bone that surrounds and supports the tooth and associated structures, also called alveolar process

Phone is similar in appearance to a sponge

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17
Q

Alveolar bone loss (BL)

A

Loss of support and bone of a tooth, usually due to periodontal disease

Used as an indicator of the presents and severity of periodontal disease

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18
Q

Alveolar mucosa

A

Movable soft tissue that is loosely bound to underlying bone. Not present on maxillary hard palate

Usually looks redder than the rest of the gingiva

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19
Q

Amalgam

A

Metal alloy containing mercury commonly used for dental restorations

Also called a silver filling

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20
Q

Anterior

A

Situated near the front

Includes 12 teeth: 6 maxillary and 6 mandibular

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21
Q

Apex (apical)

A

Pointed end of a cone/shaped part or the terminal end of the root of a tooth

Directional term that indicates a direction toward the Apex or end of the route of a tooth

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22
Q

Arch

A

Structure of bow-like or curved outline

Often used to indicate the top or bottom jaw.

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23
Q

Bruxism

A

Grinding or clenching of teeth that damages both the tooth surface and surrounding periodontal tissues

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24
Q

Buccal

A

Pertaining to or directed toward the cheek. Often used to designate the side of the tooth that faces the cheek

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25
Q

Calculus

A

Tartar

Mineralized, hard deposit derived from plaque biofilm and salivary mineral salts

Forms on tooth and route surfaces and oral appliances

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26
Q

Canine teeth

A

An anterior tooth

Sharp, pointed tooth, located at the corners of the mouth and outside the incisors

4 canine teeth: 2 maxillary, 2 mandibular

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27
Q

Cariogenic

A

Produce or promote tooth decay

Simple sugars like glucose

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28
Q

Cementoenamel junction (CEJ)

A

Anatomic limit between the crown and root surface. The area of the union of the cementum and enamel at the cervical region of the tooth

Observed as an irregular line of color change. Can usually be felt as a “jump” with an explorer

Used as a fixed point of reference

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29
Q

Cementum

A

Calcified connective tissue that covers the outside surface of the tooth’s root

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30
Q

Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL)

A

Movement of the supporting structures of a tooth in an apical direction, usually the result of periodontal disease

Some of the alveolar bone is destroyed and the junctional epithelium, the soft tissue attachment, moves apically

With enough CAL the tooth becomes loose and may be lost

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31
Q

Col

A

Depression in the gingival tissue underneath a contact area between the lingual papilla and facial papilla

Volcano shaped tissue beneath area were two teeth contact one another

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32
Q

Concave

A

Rounded and somewhat depressed or hollowed out

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33
Q

Coronal

A

Toward the top or crown of a tooth, rather than toward the root

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34
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of a foreign material, such as calculus or plaque, or removal of necrotic tissue from or adjacent to a lesion

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35
Q

Dental Caries (carious lesion)

A

Tooth decay, which is actually an infection that causes continuing destruction of tooth structure

Dental cavity

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36
Q

Dentifrice

A

Toothpaste

37
Q

Dentition

A

Teeth in the dental arches, top and bottom

38
Q

Diastema

A

Open contact between teeth

Typically occurs between the upper front teeth, the maxillary central incisors

39
Q

Distal

A

Away from the middle, Often used to describe the side of a particular tooth that is closest to the posterior or back of the mouth

40
Q

Disto-occlusal (DO)

A

Usually refers to dental caries or a restoration located at the distal and extending onto the occlusal or chewing surface

41
Q

Edema

A

Swelling

42
Q

Edentulous

A

Lacking teeth

Can be a specific area or the whole mouth

43
Q

Enamel

A

The hard outer surface layer of teeth

Protects against tooth decay

Considered the hardest mineral substance in our body, stronger than bone

44
Q

Explorer

A

A slender, flexible instrument with a sharp point used to examine teeth for abnormalities and pathology, and to locate calculus through the use of touch

Excellent tactile sensitivity must be developed to use an explorer well

45
Q

Extraction

A

Removal of a tooth or root fragment

46
Q

Exudate

A

A fluid of epithelial cells, bacteria, serum, and other products of the inflammatory process

Pus

47
Q

Facial

A

Of or toward the face, used to designate the side of the tooth that is facing away from the tongue side

The buccal and labial are both facial surfaces

48
Q

Frenum

A

A narrow fold of tissue connecting movable tissue to a more fixed tissue to prevent undue movement

Singular form is frenum or frenulum. Plural is frena

49
Q

Furcation

A

Concave area between the roots of a multi rooted tooth

Two roots: bifurcation
Three roots: trifurcation

50
Q

Gingiva

A

Part of the oral masticatory mucosa that surrounds the necks of the teeth and is attached to the teeth and the alveolar bone

GUM

51
Q

Halitosis/Oral Malodor

A

Bad breath

52
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Adverse factors caused by a healthcare practitioner that result in a negative outcome for the patient

53
Q

Incisal

A

Toward the cutting edge of anterior teeth

54
Q

Incisors

A

Anterior teeth

2 large front teeth (central) and the tooth on either side (lateral)

8 incisors: 4 maxillary and 4 mandibular

55
Q

Inferior

A

Below or lower than a specified point of reference

56
Q

Interdental papilla

A

Gingiva That fills the space between two adjacent teeth (space is called interproximal)

Papilla is usually pointed pyramidal in anterior teeth and somewhat flatter between posterior teeth. If teeth overlap popular it may be tapered and narrow. If teeth do not touch the papilla may be flat or saddle shaped

2 papillae In teeth that contact, one facial and one lingual, connected by the col

57
Q

Junctional Epithelium

A

Attachment epithelium, or the tooth and gingiva actually first begin to be attached

Found at the very bottom of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket

58
Q

Labial

A

Of or toward the lips, use most often to designate the side of the tooth face in the lips, so the term will refer to an anterior tooth

59
Q

Lateral

A

Toward the side

60
Q

Lingual

A

Of or toward the tongue, to identify the surface of a tooth that faces the tongue

61
Q

Mandible

A

Bottom jaw

Movable

62
Q

Marginal gingiva

A

Water or edge of gingiva nearest the incisal/occlusal surface. Marks the opening of gingival sulcus

Also called free gingiva

63
Q

Maxilla

A

Top jaw

Does not move

64
Q

Mesial

A

Toward the middle

Often used to describe the side of a particular tooth that is closest to the anterior or front of the mouth

65
Q

MO (Mesio-occlusal)

A

Usually refers to dental caries or a restoration located at the mesial and extending onto the occlusal surface

66
Q

MOD (mesio-occlusal-distal)

A

Includes those 3 surfaces

Refers to the location of a filling/restoration

67
Q

Molars

A

Posterior teeth

12 molars: 6 maxillary, 6 mandibular. Includes wisdom teeth

68
Q

Mucogingival junction (MGJ)

A

On the facial side of a tooth, a scalloped line where the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa come together

69
Q

Non-surgical periodontal therapy

A

Treatment for an infection that is sometimes the least invasive and very cost-effective. Therapy typically includes debridement, adjunctive therapy such as local delivery of anti-microbial’s based upon the needs of the patient.

70
Q

Occlusal

A

Toward the chewing surface of posterior teeth

71
Q

Occlusion

A

The way the teeth fit together when both arches come together (occlude)

72
Q

Odontectomy

A

Removal of a tooth

73
Q

Oral biofilm/microbial plaque

A

Dense, non-mineralized mass of bacterial colonies in a gel-like matrix

Adheres to tooth and route surfaces and oral appliances

74
Q

Periodontium (periodontal)

A

All of the supporting structures of the teeth, including gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone

Maintaining health and function of the periodontium is probably the most significant factor in how long the dentition will last

75
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

Fibrous connective tissue that supports, surrounds, and attaches the roots of the teeth to alveolar bone

Consists of several fiber groups, including sharpey’s fibers

76
Q

Periodontal probe

A

Slender instrument with a blunt or slightly bulbous and that is used to explore and measure the depth of the sulcus or pocket

Calibrated in various increments of millimeter markings depending on the type of probe

77
Q

Periodontal probing depths

A

Measurement of the deepness of a sulcus or periodontal pocket

Used to distinguish a sulcus from a pocket

78
Q

Posterior

A

Directed toward or situated at the back, opposite of anterior

20 teeth including molars and premolars; 5 in each quadrant, includes wisdom teeth

79
Q

Premolars

A

Posterior teeth

Have a broad chewing or grinding surface but are smaller than molars

8 premolars; 4 maxillary, 4 mandibular

80
Q

Prophylaxis

A

Sometimes abbreviated as prophy or pro

Debridement to remove plaque, calculus and stains performed for dental patients in normal or good periodontal health to help prevent periodontal disease

Scaling is preventative while polishing is a purely cosmetic procedure and has no therapeutic value

81
Q

Sealant

A

Resin material applied to the occlusal surface of teeth to prevent dental caries

82
Q

Sharpey’s fibers

A

Name of the connective tissue fibers that actually in bed and cementum and stretch across to connect to alveolar bone

83
Q

Sulcus

A

The gingival sulcus is located between the tooth and the free gingival margin and is the crevice that surrounds the tooth. And healthy gingiva the periodontal probing depth is 3 mm or less

84
Q

Superior

A

Above or higher than a specified a point of reference

85
Q

Supine position

A

A posture in which the individual is lying on the back with the face up. The most common treatment position for patients having dental treatment

86
Q

Syncope

A

Fainting

87
Q

Therapy

A

Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder

88
Q

White knuckle syndrome

A

A condition in which the patient is apprehensive and fearful, often manifested by clutching the arm of the chair until the knuckles turn white

Dental Terminology (4 decks)

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