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Pediatrics Exam 2 (Lauren) > Oral Health And Cleft Lip > Flashcards

Oral Health And Cleft Lip Flashcards

1
Q

When should the first dental visit happen?

A

When baby teeth begin to erupt
OR
By age 1

(Whichever comes first)

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2
Q

When does teething start?

A

As early as 4 months or as late as 15 months

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3
Q

When should children have a dental home and first visit?

A

By age 1 **

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4
Q

What are severe caries?

A

Advanced caries that are at risk of fracture, and place child at risk for serious infection

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5
Q

What is the most common structural birth defect?

A

Orofacial clefts

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6
Q

What is the first step of a carie?

A

Decalcification

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7
Q

What are moderate caries?

A

Brown or black spots

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8
Q

When should the bottle be eliminated

A

By 1 year

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9
Q

What is your role as a PA wrt children’s dental health?

A
  • complete an oral health assessment as part of the exam
  • reinforce oral home are instructions and a low sugar diet
  • stress the need for regular dental visits ( every 6 mo)
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10
Q

What’s the rule on snacking and drinking between meals?

A

Limit snacking

Nothing but water between meals

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11
Q

What are the goals of cleft lip/palate treatment?

A

Produce a face that doesn’t attract attention

Create a mouth that permits intelligent speech

Teeth that look good and function right

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12
Q

How often should kids brush

A

2x a day

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13
Q

Can you let baby fall asleep w his bottle

A

No, not unless its water

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14
Q

Is breast milk cariogenic?

A

No (unless combined with carbohydrates)

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15
Q

How do clefts affect baby’s feeding?

A

They have difficulty forming negative pressure for sucking

Frequent burping necessary due to baby swallowing air

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16
Q

Why should you avoid pre-tasting, pre-chewing, or licking the baby’s pacifier ?

A

To prevent bacteria transmission***

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17
Q

What might excessive systemic fluoride cause

A

Fluorosis (brown spots)

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18
Q

What is decalcification?

A

White spots that don’t wipe off. First sign of a cavity

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19
Q

Are raisins, fruit leathers and sticky candy good options?

A

No

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20
Q

How many primary (baby) teeth ?

A

20

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21
Q

When does the threat of fluorosis disappear?

A

After age 8 when permanent teeth have developed

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22
Q

How does cleft palate/lip affect teeth?

A

Teeth may be absent or there may be extra teeth

Can affect the development of the upper jaw

23
Q

What effect does prematurity and low birth weight have on children’s teeth?

A

Delayed eruption

Enamel defects

24
Q

How should children be exposed to fluoride to prevent cavities?

A

Water

Toothpaste

25
Q

When should a sippy cup be introduced?

A

As soon as child can sit up unsupported

26
Q

Can kids bring bottles to bed?

A

No, not unless its water

27
Q

How much fluoride toothpaste should be used under age 2?

A

Just a smear **

28
Q

Why do kids with cleft palate get ear infections more frequently ?

A

The slack palate muscles close the middle ear space

29
Q

Why are children whose mothers or siblings have cavities more at risk for caries?

A

Because ECC bacteria is transmissible **

30
Q

How much toothpaste from age 2-6

A

Pea-sized

31
Q

Is grazing encouraged?

A

No

32
Q

What is a nasoalveolar molding (NAM)?

A

A device that shapes the mouth and nose that the baby will wear 24 hours a day until they have surgery

33
Q

Is the enamel on kids’ teeth thick or thin?

A

Thin, so decay advances quickly

34
Q

Are Early Childhood Caries transmissible?

A

YES

35
Q

Is decalcification reversible?

A

Yes with plaque removal and fluoride

36
Q

What do you have to do to feed a baby with a cleft

A

Feed them upright

Burp frequently

Use nipples that extended further into mouth

37
Q

How much toothpaste for 1-2yr olds

A

Smear

38
Q

What is the number one chronic infectious disease

A

Early Childhood Caries **

39
Q

What can you do to soothe teething pain?

A

Give baby something cold to chew on

Let him chew on a wet washcloth

Rub gums with clean finger

Tylenol

40
Q

What are the 4 speech problems for cleft babies

A

Retardation of consonant sounds

Hypernasality

Articulation difficult due to teeth out of place

Hearing problem

41
Q

What age are Early Childhood Caries present/

A

Before 5

42
Q

What are Early Childhood caries dependednt upon?

A

Refined carbohydrates

43
Q

By what age do all baby teeth come in

A

By age 3

44
Q

What is the cause of orofacial clefts?

A

Exact cause is unknown but we know that maternal smoking, drinking, diabetes and obesity play a role

45
Q

When can children brush on their own without supervision?

A

Age 6 when they’re more coordinated

46
Q

When does teething occur?

A

As early as 3 months and continue to 3 years

47
Q

Does teething cause diarrhea, rashes or fever?

A

No, it is just coincidental overlaps of illnesses

48
Q

How much toothpaste should be used under age 1

A

None, soft toothbrush only

49
Q

By what age do kids need to stop sucking

A

4

50
Q

What are some helpful flossing tips?

A

Use floss in a loop

Floss holders

51
Q

When should flossing begin?

A

When teeth touch

52
Q

What should go in a baby’s bottle?

A

Breast milk

Formula

Water

53
Q

When does the 1st permanent molar erupt?

A

6 yrs

Pediatrics Exam 2 (Lauren) (3 decks)

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