Oral Health Flashcards
Why is oral health important?
- Dental caries (cavities) are the most common chronic disease of childhood
- severe gum disease affects 47% of U.S adults
What is considered Low Oral Health Literacy?
- poor oral health
- fewer teeth in mouth
- lower rates of tooth brushing
- higher rates of ER visits related to dental
What are some barriers that affect access to oral healthcare?
- low provider to population ratios
- insufficient or lack of dental insurance benefits
- lack of transportation
- lack of child care
- insufficient levels or lack of access to water fluoridation
- lack of awareness about oral health
oral anatomy of adult teeth?
8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, 12 molars
- most common form of periodontal disease
- an inflammatory process that has gingival redness, swelling and bleeding when provoked by brushing or flossling
- reversible but a precursor to periodontitis
- can also be ther result of hormonal changes, HIV, mediations, and malnutrition
Gingivitis
- characterized by gingival inflammation
- accompanied by a loss of supportive connective tissues, including aveolar bone
- poor attachment–>loose teeth–> tooth loss
- where you start to see systemic disease
periodontitis
if not properly treated, dental infection can cause?
- gingival (tooth abscesses
- sinusitis
- cellulitis of the face
- periorbital celluitis
- brain abscesses
- airway compromise
- cavernous sinus thrombosis
- typically secondary to periodontitis, dental caries or trauma
- initially asymptomatic necrosis followed by formation due to toxic state in the gingiva
- s &sx: swelling, erythema, suppuration
acute dental abscess
most common microbial etiology for odontogenic infections?
**Streptococcus Viridans **
most common anaerboic are prevotella and fusobacterium
treating mild-moderate odontogenic infections
- Penicillin VK (will not work against large abscesses or beta-lactamase resistance
- Clindamycin (excellent activity and PO aerobes and anaerobes; penetrates bone and abscess cavities
- most common resistance: beta lactamse
alternative treatment of odontogenic infections?
- metronidazole (good anaerobic coverage, combined with PNC- VK)
- amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (augmentin) (for more severe infections resistant to initial therapy
alternative treatment of odontogenic infections?
- metronidazole (good anaerobic coverage, combined with PNC- VK)
- amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (augmentin) (for more severe infections resistant to initial therapy
most common dental problems
- aspiration pneumonia (associated with bedridden and hospitalized patients
- inflammation atherosclerosis
- hypertension
- pregnancy complications (can cause preterm labor/birth and low birth weight infants)
When do permanent teeth erupt?
around 6 y.o and are all in by 21
Hardest tissue in the body
protects crown from fracture and wear
no regenerative process like bone
enamel
