Oral Ecology Flashcards
what are the 7 parts of a pathogens lifecycle
enter, attach, colonise, evade host immunity, produce harmful proteins, disseminate, release from host
what is Koch’s postulate
microbe must be present in every case of disease, microbe must be isolated from disease host and grown in pure culture, disease must be reproduced when a pure culture is introduced into a susceptible host, microbe must be recovered from an experimentally infected host
what does holobiont mean?
not two separate entities as they have mutually adapted
what is a microbiome
all of the microorganisms in a particular ecosystem
what is the human microbiome?
all of the microorganisms that live in and on your body, including your mouth, gut and your skin
how do we acquire our resident flora?
from delivery (birth), from feeding
what are the benefits of the normal flora?
synthesise and excrete vitamins, prevent colonisation by pathogens, antagonise other bacteria, stimulate the development of certain tissues, stimulate the production of cross-reactive antibodies
what are the barriers for microbes entering the gut?
low pH, saliva and bile, immune system, finding a place to attach to intestinal wall, surviving a widely varied diet
what do gut flora do?
digestion, vitamin production and others
which type of microorganisms put you more at risk of caries
saccharolytic
which type of microorganisms put you more at risk of periodontal disease?
proteolytic microorganisms
what is the 16s rRNA test for?
to determine which microbes are in the mouth
how do you do a 16s rRNA test?
spit into tube and extract DNA
amplify genes
these have barcodes on them so they can be identified
put into database and tells you what it is most likely to be and how similar different microbiomes are
