Oral Disease Flashcards
How is herpes simplex virus type 1 acquired?
through salvia contact
When is herpes simplex virus type 1 acquired?
childhood
What can HSV 1 cause?
primary gingivostomatitis
What age does primary gingivostomatitis occur?
pre-school
What are the symptoms of primary gingivostomatitis?
often asymptomatic
What is the clinical presentation of primary gingivostomatitis?
grouped painful vesicles on an erythematous base that heal without scarring
fever
local lymphadenopathy
What is the treatment for primary gingivostomatitis?
aciclovir
fluids
analgesics
What is a cold sore?
reactivation of HSV I
How is a viral infection confirmed?
swab of lesion in virus transport medium
detection of viral DNA by PCR
What causes herpangina?
coxsackie virus - an enterovirus
What age group get herpangina?
pre-school children
What causes hand, foot and mouth disease?
coxsackie virus
In what disease are family outbreaks common?
hand, foot and mouth disease
What are clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease?
mildly unwell
vesicles on palms, soles and mouth - cause discomfort until they heal - heal without crusting
What are the clinical features of herpangina?
fever sore throat vesicles or macerated ulcers on palate or uvula which heal over 2 days \+/- abdominal pain nausea
What bacteria causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
What is a chancre?
painless indurated ulcer at site of entry of bacterium Treponema pallidum
most commonly genital but can be oral
What are apthous ulcers?
non-viral, self-limiting, recurring, painful ulcers of the mouth that are round or ovoid and have inflammatory halos
What systemic diseases are associated with recurrent ulcers?
Behcet's disease gluten sensitive enteropathy inflammatory bowel disease Reiter's disease drug reactions skin diseases - lichen planus, pemphigus, pemphigoid
What is Bechet’s disease?
blood vessel inflammation throughout the body
What are the symptoms of Behcet’s disease?
recurrent oral ulcers
genital ulcers
uveitis
What are the symptoms of gluten sensitive enteropathy and inflammatory bowel disease?
diarrhoea
weight loss
What is Reiter’s disease?
reactive arthritis
What triggers Reiter’s disease?
infection - particularly those in the urogenital or GI tract
What are the symptoms of Reiter’s disease?
conjunctivitis
urethritis
arthritis
occurring after an infection
What are the clinical features of a candida albicans infection?
white patches on red, raw mucous membranes in throat/mouth
What can cause a candida albicans infection?
post antibiotics
immunosuppressed
smokers
inhaled steroids
What is the treatment of candida albicans?
nystatin
fluconazole
