Oral Communication and Media Literacy

Question 1

Paralanguage

Answer 1

includes intonation, pitch, and volume

Question 2

Paraphrased Quotation

Answer 2

the author is conveying the meaning of what was said without necessarily repeating the exact words of the speaker
(The president said he would pay teachers more.)

Question 3

Formal Presentation

Answer 3

a variety of forms of public speaking which all allow students to plan ahead and present their ideas in a logical and cogent manner to the class

Question 4

Conversation

Answer 4

an informal discussion among students facilitated by the teacher which allows students to practice their active listening and speaking skills

Question 5

Direct Quotation

Answer 5

an exact reproduction of the words of an author or a speaker that are set-off in quotation marks
(Patrick Henry said, “Give me liberty, or give me death!”)

Question 6

Overgeneralization

Answer 6

the application of a grammar rule in a place where it doesn’t apply
(A student adds -s to make everything plural, even irregular plural nouns. “I brushed my tooths this morning.”)

Question 7

Demonstrative Pronoun

Answer 7

this, that, these, those
(These boxes are ready for shipment. Those boxes aren’t.)

Question 8

Tense

Answer 8

words that indicate if a statement is referring to past time, present time, or future time
(Past- She spoke. Present- She speaks. Future- She will speak.)

Question 9

Dialogue Tag

Answer 9

followed or preceded by a comma or punctuation mark, with quotation marks around the quotation
(As Mark exited the highway, he thought, “I hope this is the right way.”)

Question 10

Oral Language Assessment

Answer 10

Listen to, analyze, and record brief episodes of students’ oral language to assess needs, strengths, interests, and next steps to support growth.

Question 11

Precise (Writing)

Answer 11

in writing, a sentence that contains specific details and avoids wordy descriptions
(turquoise instead of light bluish green)

Question 12

Connotation

Answer 12

the implied meaning of a word; the feeling a word conveys
(Describing a person as “shrewd” may make them feel negatively, even though the definition (sharp-witted, intelligent) is positive.)

Question 13

Group Discussion

Answer 13

a conversation among the students on a particular topic which the teach may observe, but not direct

Question 14

Discourse

Answer 14

the function of language in a social context
(Some languages are inferential while others are direct.)

Question 15

Growth Chart

Answer 15

a tool for assessing a students mastery of oral language skills

Question 16

Active Listening

Answer 16

method of communication that focuses on mutual understanding to prevent confusion that includes attending, listening, and responding
(focused attention)

Question 17

Transition Words

Answer 17

Phrases and words used to link sentences, paragraphs, and ideas together.

First, next, last, on the other hand

Question 18

Rhetorical Appeal

Answer 18

arguments using people’s desire to elevate their status
(a commercial suggesting that buying a certain smartphone will make the buyer popular)

Question 19

Loaded Words

Answer 19

terms with strong positive or negative connotations
(saying “slashed prices” in a commercial instead of “reduced prices”)

Question 20

Digital Story

Answer 20

a collection of many types of files artfully arranged to tell one’s story

Question 21

Desired User Image

Answer 21

technique that plays upon the types of people viewers want to be–athletes, sex symbols, productive workers, caring mothers–and suggests that a particular product or service will help them achieve become that type of person
(car commercials featuring beautiful women, suggesting that if you own this type of car you too will be attractive to others)

Question 22

Persuasive Media

Answer 22

Visual and media elements that seek to convince the audience to feel or believe a certain message.
(Commercials, political ads, editorial cartoons)

Question 23

Multimedia Presentation

Answer 23

presentations that incorporate sounds, images, videos, and text to impart the speaker’s message

Question 24

Wiki

Answer 24

online tool for creating and managing content collaboratively

Question 25

Informational Media

Answer 25

Media elements that seek to provide factual information to the audience
(News programs, newspapers, magazines, documentaries)

Question 26

Entertainment Media

Answer 26

Visual and media elements purely for enjoyment of the audience.
(Movies, TV programs, computer or electronic games)

Question 27

Testimonial

Answer 27

a person’s written or spoken statement that articulates the benefits of a product
(an advertisement featuring “average people” praising a new truck)

Question 28

Realized User Image

Answer 28

an advertisement that recognizes who someone is and suggests that they fit the consumer role that product fills
(an advertisement targeting overworked moms)

Question 29

Bandwagon Fallacies

Answer 29

appeals to popularity, suggest that the majority’s opinion or preference is valid
(“Four out of five people prefer lemon-lime soap!”)

Question 30

Educational Media

Answer 30

Programs designed to instruct the viewer on a topic
(Rosetta Stone software, Sesame Street, Khan Academy)

Question 31

Logical Appeal

Answer 31

using figures, graphs, statistics, historical analogues, or studies to persuade an audience from a fact-based perspective
(an advertisement that claims a certain type of cleaner removes 99% more germs than their competitor)

Question 32

Appeal to Authority

Answer 32

using someone’s status, position, or background as a way to persuade an audience
(celebrity endorsements)

Question 33

Emotional Appeal

Answer 33

using strong language to persuade an audience by evoking feelings
(commercials advertising animal welfare organizations might show ill or unhealthy puppies and kittens in an effort to engage the audience’s feelings)