Oral Cavity Flashcards
What are the functions of the digestive system?
ingestion mastication secretion absorption elimination of wastes motility hormone release chemical digestion
What is included in the oral cavity?
teeth major salivary glands minor salivary glands tonsils lips
What is the oral cavity lined with?
oral mucosa
What are the three types of oral mucosa?
masticatory mucosa
lining mucosa
specialized mucosa
where is masticatory mucosa found?
gingiva and hard palate
What is the surface epithelium of the masticatory mucosa made of?
keratinized or parakeratinized stratified squamous
What is so special about parakeratinized stratified squamous?
they keep their nuclei
What is the lamina propria of the masticatory mucosa made of?
a papillary layer and reticular layer
What is the papillary layer of the lamina propria of masticatory mucosa made of?
thick loose CT that also has blood vessels, nerves, sensory receptors and some Meissner’s corpuscles
What is the reticular layer of the lamina propria of the masticatory mucosa made of?
more dense CT
Where is the lining muocsa found in the oral cavity?
soft palate, underside of tongue, floor of mouth, cheeks and lips
What is the surface epithelium of the lining mucosa made of?
generally nonkeratinized stratified squamous (AKA stratified squamous)
sometimes parakeratinized stratified squamous
for the lips and vermillion border- keratinized stratified squamous (very thin layer)
What is the lamina propria of the lining mucosa of the oral cavity made of?
loose CT with blood vessels and nerves
What is the submucosa of the lining mucosa of the oral cavity made of? Where and what is found in there?
more dense CT
found in most places
can have minor salivary glands, sebaceous glands (mouth corners), larger blood vessels and nerves
Where is specialized mucosa of the oral cavity found?
dorsal surface of the tongue
What is the surface epithelium of the specialized mucosa of the oral cavity?
keratinized stratified squamous on filiform papillae
stratified squamous on all other papillae
What is the function of specialized mucosa of the oral cavity?
(filiform) move food
(all other taste buds) taste food
Describe the mucosa of the tongue.
thicker dorsally, thinner and smoother posteriorly
What is the surface epithelium of the tongue made of?
keratinized stratified squamous on filiform papillae
stratified squamous on all other papillae
What are the types of papillae found on the tongue?
filiform, fungiform, foliate, vallate (circumvallate)
What glands are associated with vallate papillae?
small salivary (von Ebner) glands
what is the function of the small salivary glands of the tongue?
to produce serous fluid to clease the taste buds on these papillae
What papillae do NOT have taste buds?
filiform
What is the lamina propria of the tongue made of?
loose CT; adipose possible
Describe the submucosa of the tongue.
usually considered present on the tongue; adipose possible
What does the submucosa of the tongues contain?
lingual salivary glands
What to the lingual salivary glands produce?
mucous and serous products
What is special about the intrinsic tongue muscle?
there is no external attachment
What are the 4 alternating muscles of the internal part of the tongue?
superior longitudinal
vertical muscles alternating with transverse
inferior longitudinal
What is the function of the intrinsic tongue muscle?
change the shape of the tongue
What are the 7 layers of the tooth starting from external going internal?
stellate reticulum ameloblasts enamel dentin predentin odontoblasts dental papilla
What makes up the stellate reticulum?
connective tissue
When are ameloblasts seen?
immature teeth
When do we lose ameloblasts?
after tooth eruption, this is why we only have what we have for enamel
What makes up ameloblasts?
polarized columnar cells
What is the function of ameloblasts?
to produce enamel
What is enamel made of?
70% hydroxyapatite
What does dentin contain?
dentinal tubules containing nerves and cell processes of odontoblasts
What produces dentin?
odontoblasts
What is predentin?
precursor to dentin before mineralization
How long does predentin last?
about a day
What produces predentin?
odontoblasts
What are odontoblasts made of?
columnar cells lining the pulp cavity
Do odontoblasts survive in adults?
Yes
What is the function of odontoblasts?
repair and replace and produce dentin
maintain dentin
What is the dental papilla made of?
CT with many blood vessels and nerves
What is a potential problem of dental papilla?
extensive inflammation that hits dentin and enamel causes lots of pain
What is the largest salivary gland?
parotid gland
How much of the saliva output does the parotid gland produce?
30%
Which salivary gland is most affected by mumps?
parotid gland
What happens to the parotid gland as we age?
commonly becomes infiltrated with adipose
What does the parotid gland produce?
100% serous fluid
What products are produced in the parotid gland?
salivary amylase- breakdown of carbs
lysozyme- line of defense
IgA- line of defense
How much of the salivary output does the submandibular gland produce?
60%
What happens to the submandibular gland as we age?
it possibly becomes infiltrated with fat
what does the submandibular gland produce?
mucus and serous (80-90%) products
What does the submandibular gland have?
serous demilunes
Which salivary gland is the smallest?
sublingual gland
How much of the salivary output does the sublingual gland produce?
~5%
What does the submandibular gland produce?
mucus (80%) and serous producs
Where do all serous products come from in the submandibular gland?
demilunes; no separate serous acini
