Oral Cavity Flashcards
1
Q
Conditions of the oral cavity
A
- Inflammatory
- viral (HSV, HFMD), bacteria, fungi (candida) - Oral Ulcers
- Neoplasms & precancerous conditions
2
Q
Causes of oral ulcers (8)
A
- Trauma
- Recurrent aphthous ulcers (stress ulcers)
- Infections - HSV, VZV, candidiasis, HFMD
- Blood dyscrasia - folic acid, vit B12 def
- GI disorders - inflammatory bowel disease
- Mucocutaneous diseases - lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, erythema multiforme, SLE
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy
- Neoplasms - SCC
3
Q
Mucosal changes in the oral cavity
A
Leukoplakia (white plaque)
- thickened keratotic hyperplastic mucosa
- dull whitish appearance, thin flat
- cannot be scraped off
- usually on buccal mucosa, alveolar ridge, dorsal tongue; if on thin mucosal sites (ventral tongue, tonsil, retromolar trigone, hypopharynx) - suspicious
- reversed by removal of irritants/another disease entity
- 0.2-1% dysplastic, 3-17% risk of malignancy
4
Q
Differential diagnosis of leukoplakia (3)
A
- Candidiasis
- Lichen planus
- Squamo-proliferative lesions (85-90%)
- squamous hyperplasia/keratosis (80%)
- dysplasia, CIS (16.5%)
- invasive SCC (3%)
5
Q
Squamous cell neoplasms of the oral cavity
A
- Squamous cell papilloma - benign
2. Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, squamous cell carcinoma - malignant
6
Q
Squamous cell papilloma of the mouth
A
- exophytic, warty, cauliflower-like lesions
- solitary/multiple
- on uvula, palate, tongue, gingiva, lower lips, buccal mucosa
- papillary projections of delivate fibrovascular cores lined by mature squamous epithelium
- req local excision
7
Q
Squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth
A
- uncommon
- male preponderance, 50-70y
- tobacco, alcohol, betel nut chewing, chronic irritation, HPV, actinic damage (sun)
- lips (lower) > tongue (ant 2/3, lat border) > floor of mouth > cheek > palate
- assoc w leukoplakia w dysplasia - CIS - invasive carcinoma
- most are well differentiated & keratinising
- local infiltration w mets to cervical lymph nodes
