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Anatomy > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

space between lips and cheeks and teeth and gingivae

A

vestibule

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2
Q

*oral vestibule & oral cavity proper

A
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3
Q

oral cavity proper: boundaries

anterolaterally:

roof:

floor:

posteriorly:

A
  • Anterolaterally: dental arches
  • Roof: hard and soft palate
  • Floor: tongue and mucous membrane
  • Posteriorly: communicates with oropharynx
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4
Q

Lips

A

Lips: musculofibrous folds surrounding the mouth formed of skin exteriorly and mucous membrane internally, between these is the orbicularis oris m

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5
Q

shallow depressions attached to upper lip

A

nasolabial sulci

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6
Q

shallow depressions attached to lower lip

A

Mentolabial sulci

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7
Q

folds of mucous membrane in the midline, extending from vestibular gingiva to mucosa of upper and lower lips

A

Labial frenulum

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8
Q

depression above upper lips and below nose in the midline

A

philtrum

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9
Q

exposed red portion of the upper and lower lips

A

vermilion

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10
Q

vasculature of upper lip

A

superior labial branches of facial and infraorbital aa.

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11
Q

vasculature of lower lip

A

inferior labial branches of facial and mental aa.

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12
Q

nerves of upper lip

A

superior labial branches of the infraorbital nerve (CN V2)

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13
Q

nerves of lower lip

A

inferior labial branches of the mental nerve (CN V3)

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14
Q

teeth

A

participate in mastication and articulation

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15
Q

how many deciduous teeth

A

20 in children

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16
Q

how many permanent teeth

A

32 in adults

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17
Q

types of teeth

A

incisors

canines

premolars

molars

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18
Q

thin cutting edges

A

incisors

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19
Q

single prominent cones

A

canines

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20
Q

two cups (bicuspids)

A

premolars

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21
Q

three or more cusps

A

molars

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22
Q

*types of teeth

A
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23
Q

surfaces of teeth

A

vestibular (labial or buccal)

lingual

mesial

distal

occlusal

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24
Q

*surfaces of teeth

A
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25
Q

vestibular (labial or buccal)

A

outwards

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26
Q

lingual

A

inwards

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27
Q

mesial

A

towards the facial portion of cranium. contact surface

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28
Q

distal

A

towards middle of cranium. contact surface

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29
Q

occlusal

A

masticatory surface

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30
Q

parts of teeth

A

Parts of teeth
Crown: project from the gingivae
Neck: between crown and root
Root: below neck, fixed in the tooth socket by periodontium
Dentine: composes most of tooth, contains pulp cavity
Enamel: covers dentine over crown. This is the hardest substance in human body
Cement: covers dentin over root
Pulp cavity: covered by dentin, contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves
Root canal: transmits nerves and vessels to and from pulp cavity through apical foramina
Periodontium: collagenous fibers, located between cement of root and periosteum of alveolus

Dento-alveolar syndesmosis: fibrous joint connecting the root of teeth to the bone of maxilla or mandible

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31
Q

project from the gingivae

A

crown

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32
Q

between crown and root

A

neck

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33
Q

below neck, fixed in the tooth socket by periodontium

A

root

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34
Q

composes most of tooth, contains pulp cavity

A

dentine

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35
Q

covers dentine over crown. This is the hardest substance in human body

36
Q

covers dentin over root

37
Q

covered by dentin, contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves

A

pulp cavity

38
Q

transmits nerves and vessels to and from pulp cavity through apical foramina

A

root canal

39
Q

collagenous fibers, located between cement of root and periosteum of alveolus

A

periodontium

40
Q

fibrous joint connecting the root of teeth to the bone of maxilla or mandible

A

Dento-alveolar syndesmosis

41
Q

*parts of teeth

42
Q

palate

A

Palate

  • Arched roof of mouth and floor of nasal cavities
  • Separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavities and nasopharynx
  • Superior (nasal) portion covered with respiratory mucosa, and the inferior (oral) with oral mucosa
  • Anterior hard and posterior soft palate
43
Q

*palate

44
Q

Hard palate

A
  • Occupies anterior 2/3rd of palate
  • Comprised of palatine process of maxillae and palatine bone
  • Incise fossa: posterior to central incisor teeth
    • Nasopalatine a. and n. pass from the nose through foramina leading into the incisive fossa
  • Greater palatine foramen: medial to 3rd molar
    • Greater palatine n. and a. emerge from this foramen and run anteriorly to meet and anastomose with the nasopalatine n. and a. and innervate and supply hard palate
  • Lesser palatine foramina: posterior to GPF
  • Lesser palatine n. and a. emerge from this foramina and run posteriorly to innervate and supply the soft palate
  • Mucous membrane: tightly bound to and covers hard palate
  • Palatine glands: mucous secreting glands, deep to mucosa
  • Transverse palatine folds: assist with manipulation of food during mastication
  • Palatine raphe: extending posteriorly from the incisive fossa to the uvula, is a fold of mucosa membrane that represents the site of fusion of palatal processes
45
Q

*hard palate

46
Q

Incise fossa

A
  • posterior to central incisor teeth
  • Nasopalatine a. and n. pass from the nose through foramina leading into the incisive fossa
47
Q

Greater palatine foramen

A
  • medial to 3rd molar
  • Greater palatine n. and a. emerge from this foramen and run anteriorly to meet and anastomose with the nasopalatine n. and a. and innervate and supply hard palate
48
Q

Lesser palatine foramina

A
  • posterior to GPF
  • Lesser palatine n. and a. emerge from this foramina and run posteriorly to innervate and supply the soft palate
49
Q

Mucous membrane

A

tightly bound to and covers hard palate

50
Q

Palatine glands

A

mucous secreting glands, deep to mucosa

51
Q

Transverse palatine folds

A

assist with manipulation of food during mastication

52
Q

Palatine raphe

A

extending posteriorly from the incisive fossa to the uvula, is a fold of mucosa membrane that represents the site of fusion of palatal processes

53
Q

Soft palate

A
  • Occupies posterior 1/3rd of palate and is movable
  • Suspended from the posterior border of hard palate by the palatine aponeurosis
  • During swallowing the soft palate tenses to squeeze bolus of food posteriorly, then it elevates posteriorly and superiorly against wall of pharynx to prevent passage of food into nasal cavity
  • Uvula: conical process hanging from the posteroinferior, curved, free margin of soft palate
  • Palatoglossal arch: mucous membrane covering the palatoglossal m. Joins soft palate to tongue
  • Palatopharyngeal arch: mucous membrane covering the palatopharyngeal m. Joins soft palate to pharynx
54
Q

*soft palate

55
Q

Uvula

A

conical process hanging from the posteroinferior, curved, free margin of soft palate

56
Q

Palatoglossal arch

A

mucous membrane covering the palatoglossal m. Joins soft palate to tongue

57
Q

Palatopharyngeal arch

A

mucous membrane covering the palatopharyngeal m. Joins soft palate to pharynx

58
Q

Fauces (L. throat)

A
  • space between cavity of mouth and pharynx
  • Boundaries
    • S: soft palate
    • I: root of the tongue
    • L: pillars of fauces (palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches)
  • Isthmus of fauces: space between oral cavity and orophaynx
59
Q

Palatine tonsils

A

masses of lymphoid tissue on each side of oropharynx and are bounded by the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

60
Q

mm of soft palate Tensor veli palatini

A

Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
Uvular

61
Q

flatten, extended tendon of the tensor veli palatini m. that attaches to the posterior border of the hard palate

A

Palatine aponeurosis

62
Q

*mm of soft palate

63
Q

*mm of soft palate TABLE

64
Q

Tongue

A

Anterior 2/3rd in oral cavity and posterior 1/3rd in oropharynx

Participates in articulation, swallowing, taste, and oral cleansing

Parts

  • Root: attached posterior portion
  • Body: between root and apex
  • Apex: tip of tongue

Surfaces

  • Dorsum: superior surface
    • Terminal sulcus: V-shape demarcation, separating ant. 2/3rd and post. 1/3rd
    • Foramen cecum: opening at the end of the terminal sulcus, developmental remnant of the thyroglossus duct
    • Midline groove: divides anterior part of tongue into R & L parts
    • Lingual papillae: vallate, foliate, and fungiform contain taste rec. and buds
  • Vallate: large and flat topped, lie anterior to terminal sulcus in a V-shaped row
  • Foliate: small lateral folds of lingual mucosa
  • Filiform: long and numerous, arranged in V-shape rows parallel to the terminal sulcus. Sensitive to touch
  • Fungiform: mushroom shaped, scattered among the filiform papillae, most numerous at apex
    • Lingual tonsil: cluster of lymphoid nodules on posterior 1/3rd of tongue
65
Q

*tongue

66
Q

Frenulum

A
  • inferior surface of tongue
  • connects tongue to floor of mouth
67
Q

Sublingual caruncle (papilla)

A
  • inferior surface of tongue
  • on each side of lingual frenulum, includes the opening of the submandibular gland duct
68
Q

Sublingual folds

A
  • inferior surface of tongue
  • elevations of sublingual mucosa, containing the openings of the sublingual gland ducts
69
Q

mm of tongue (extrinsic)

  • innervation
A
  • Genioglossus
  • Hyoglossus
  • Styloglossus
  • Palatoglossus
  • All innervated by CN XII, except palatoglossus (CN X)
70
Q

*mm of tongue

71
Q

*mm of tongue (TABLE)

72
Q

mm of tongue (intrinsic)

innervation?

A
  • Superior and inferior longitudinal
    • Act together to make tongue short and thick
  • Transverse and vertical
    • Act simultaneously to make tongue long and narrow

All innervated by CN XII

73
Q

*mm of tongue (intrinsic)

74
Q

*mm of tongue (intrinsic) TABLE

75
Q

innervation of the tongue

A
  • CN V3 (anterior 2/3rd of tongue -> sensation)
  • CN VII (anterior 2/3rd via chorda tympani and lingual -> taste)
  • CN IX (posterior 1/3rd sensation and taste)
  • CN X (taste to root of tongue and epiglottis)
  • CN XII (motor to extrinsic and intrinsic m.)

Clinical relevance: these functions can be used clinically to test the integrity of these nerves

76
Q

*innervation of the tongue

77
Q

vasculature of tongue

A
  • Lingual a.
    • Dorsal lingual a.: supply root
    • Deep lingual a.: supply body
  • Lingual v.
    • Dorsal lingual v.: drain root
    • Deep lingual v.: begins at apex and drains body
78
Q

*vasculature of tongue

79
Q

Salivary glands

A
  • Parotid, submandibular, sublingual
  • Secret saliva
    • Moisturize mucous membrane of oral cavity
    • Lubricates food during mastication
    • Begins starch digestion
    • Intrinsic mouthwash
    • Prevents tooth decay
    • Taste
80
Q

parotid glands

A
  • Largest of salivary glands
  • Location: anteroinferior to external acoustic meatus, between the ramus of mandible and mastoid process
  • Embedded with the gland (superficial -> deep)
    • Branches of facial nerve (CN VII)
    • Retromandibular vein
    • ECA
  • Parotid duct: passes anteriorly from the gland -> crosses masseter m. -> pierces the buccinator m. -> enters oral cavity opposite 2nd maxillary molar
81
Q

Submandibular glands

A
  • Location: along body of mandible in the submandibular triangle, partly superficial and partly deep to mylohyoid m.
  • Submandibular duct: runs medially to open on each side of the lingual frenulum in the sublingual caruncle
82
Q

Sublingual glands

A
  • Smallest and most deeply situated of salivary glands
  • Location: lie in floor of mouth between mandible and genioglossus m.
  • Sublingual ducts: 12-15 ducts open along the sublingual folds
83
Q

*parotid gland

84
Q

*submandibular gland

85
Q

*sublingual gland

Anatomy (10 decks)

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