Oral Biology: Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is occlusion?

A

Contact relationships between teeth:

  • within arches
  • between arches
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2
Q

What factors does occlusion consider? (7)

A

1) contact points
2) arch form
3) tooth alignment
4) cross bites
5) intercuspal position
6) molar relationships
7) incisor relationships

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3
Q

A contact point is a stagnation area. What does this pose an increased risk for?

A

Caries

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4
Q

What is a contact point critical for? (2)

A

1) food displacement during mastication
2) arch alignment/stability

It is therefore important to restore a contact point.

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5
Q

What is an approximal surface?

A

The approximal surfaces are those surfaces whcih form points of contact between adjacent teeth

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6
Q

Which arch is normally longer than it’s opposing arch?

A

Upper arch overlaps lower arch

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7
Q

Where do the buccal cusps of the upper dentition meet on the lower dentition when teeth are occluded?

A

Upper buccal cusps are buccal to lower buccal cusps

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8
Q

What does each upper tooth contact with? (2)

A

Each upper tooth contacts with its lower antagonist and it’s distal neighbour

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9
Q

What is tooth alignment determined by?

2

A

1) path of eruption

2) forces exerted on the teeth by: teeth, soft tissues, and other factors like thumb sucking

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10
Q

Describe the “neutral zone” in tooth alignment

A

the “neutral zone” is the sense of equilibrium between forces exerted on a tooth

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11
Q

Which dental treatment makes the neutral zone clinically important?

A

Denture construction

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12
Q

Which anatomical features of which teeth are described by Angle’s Classification?

A

Relationship between the MB cusp of the upper 6’s and the MB groove of the lower 6’s

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13
Q

What is the definition of an overbite in relation to incisor relationships?

A

An overbite is an upper tooth overlap in the vertical plane

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14
Q

What is the definition of an open bite?

A

No overbite, upper and lower teeth do not contact

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15
Q

What is the definition of an overjet?

A

upper tooth overlap in the horizontal plane

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16
Q

What is the definition of a reverse overjet?

A

Lower teeth overlaps upper teeth in the horizontal plane

17
Q

What does Incisor Classification relate to?

A

Relates to where the lower incisor tip meets the cingulum plateau of the upper incisor

18
Q

Describe a Class I incisor relationship

A

The lower incisor edges occlude with or lie immediately below the cingulum plateau of the upper central incisors

19
Q

Describe a Class II division I incisor relationship

A

The lower incisor edges occlude with or lie posteriorly to the cingulum of the upper central incisors

20
Q

Describe a Class II division II incisor relationship

A

The upper central incisors are retroclined

21
Q

Describe a Class III incisor relationship

A

Lower incisor edges lie anterior to the cingulum of the upper incisors (upper teeth lie posteriorly to lower incisors)

22
Q

Will molar and incisor relationships correlate with each other in a patient?

A

No, molar and incisor relationships may be different in a patient

23
Q

Which direction do upper molar occlusal surfaces face?

A

Buccally

24
Q

Which surfaces do molar occlusal surfaces face?

A

Lingually

25
Q

What does the ‘Curve of Wilson’ refer to?

A

It refers to the curvature in a frontal pane through cusp tips of both right and left molars

26
Q

What defines a bilateral cross bite?

A

a lateral misalignment of dental arches on both sides (where buccal aspect of lower molars sit more buccally than the buccal aspects of upper molars)

27
Q

What is a unilateral cross bite?

A

a lateral misalignment of dental arches on one side only

28
Q

Define the intercuspal position

A

position of the jaws when the maxillary and mandibular teeth are in maximum intercuspation (also referred to as centric occlusion)

29
Q

What is the ‘Curve of Spee’?

A

The curve of spee is the curvature of the mandibular occlusal plane beginning at the premolars and following the buccal cusps of the posterior teeth. Important consideration in orthodontics as a “flat or mild curve of spee is essential to an ideal occlusion”

30
Q

Describe Class I of the angle’s classification?

A

The mesio-buccal cusp on the upper first molar occludes with the buccal groove of the lower first molar

31
Q

Describe Class II of the Angle’s classification?

A

The mesio-buccal cusp of the upper first molar occludes anterior to the buccal cusp of the lower first molar

32
Q

Describe Class III of the Angle’s Classification?

A

The mseio-buccal cusp of the upper first molar occludes posterior to the buccal groove of the lower first molar