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OPTOM > OPTOM 216A Policies > Flashcards

OPTOM 216A Policies Flashcards

1
Q

Why is communication important in optometry

A

Patient feels respected therefore a good patient-optometrist relationship, also better health outcomes as patient is more compliant. Patient also accept errors if communicated well

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2
Q

What are the 2 Biomedical F’s

A

Find it and Fix it

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3
Q

What are the 3 Cs for communication

A

Clear, Concise and Consistent

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4
Q

What does being Clear mean

A

Using right amount of jargon when speaking to patient

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5
Q

What does being Concise mean

A

Avoiding filler words

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6
Q

What does being Consistent mean

A

Repeating the key messages

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7
Q

What are the Bayer institute of 4E’s

A

Engage, Empathise, Educate and Enlist

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8
Q

What does Engage mean

A

Encourage discussion and listening well

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9
Q

What does Empathise mean

A

Understand concerns and frustrations ; Sometimes you know the diagnosis but remember to take it slow with the patient

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10
Q

What does Educate mean

A

Demonstrating knowledge to build trust and ensuring patient understands

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11
Q

What does Enlist mean

A

Have patient involvement in the decision, patient feels sense of control and likely to comply with the plan

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12
Q

Behaviour with the patient

A

Greeting the patient, face the patient and maintain eye contact, be relaxed and let the patient speak

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13
Q

What is the most important resolution when a patient comes in

A

Ensure chief complaint is addressed and ensure there is not any other things the patient is concerned about. Ensure to ask if there can be any improvements

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14
Q

How to deliver bad news

A

have empathy and be careful with wording

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15
Q

How manage difficult cases

A

Use the NZ ODOB competencies, NZAO ethics guidelines and the NZ law
also remember to not over promise and lay blame

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16
Q

What is the process for collecting information

A

Identify, Observe, use open patient-lead questions and use closed physician lead questions.
Can use open and closed questions to fill in gaps

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17
Q

Things to identify in a patient

A

Name, address, gender, DOB, contact information, smoking status and occupation

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18
Q

What to observe in a patient

A

Presence of family, smell, head tilt, general ocular appearance

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19
Q

Basic template to use with patients consulation

A

Chief complaint –> Personal history of ocular and general health –> Family history of ocular and general health –> Then social history like living arrangements, driving and daily activities

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20
Q

How record chief complaint

A

Can come in many forms, use FOLDER for the symptoms

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21
Q

What does FOLDER stand for?

A

Frequency, Onset, Location, Duration, Exacerbating factors, relieving factors

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22
Q

What to ask about personal ocular history

A

When the last eye exam was, current prescription info etc

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23
Q

What to ask about personal general health

A

Medical history, Current medications and allergies, look for diabetes and hypertension and medications with ocular complications like anti-malarial drugs

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24
Q

How to take family history

A

Both ocular and medical family history useful, close relatives may be genetic risk

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25
Q

How to take history in elderly

A

They have many health conditions so find main reason for visit, encourage to bring written list of concerns and questions then report to GP, can use more closed yes/no questions

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26
Q

How to take history in children

A

Most children tell you problems, do mention who was with the child

27
Q

Useful information about children history

A

Pre-natal history to see any exposure to harmful toxins and also Pediatric history

28
Q

History taking in paediatrics

A

Find chief complaint, may ask if any friends are wearing glasses, ask for any medications and allergies

29
Q

What should be in the examination conclusion

A

Patient should be educated with treatment plan, repeat important information and check their understanding

30
Q

What is a profession

A

Occupation with education, license, associations to promote standards and a code of conduct

31
Q

What is NZAO

A

NZ association of Optometrists

32
Q

What does NZAO do

A

Professional and public education

33
Q

What is CCLSNZ

A

Cornea and Contact lens society of New Zealand

34
Q

What does CCLSNZ do

A

Professional and public education

35
Q

What is HPCA

A

Health practitioners competency assurance act

36
Q

What does HPCA 2003 clause 3 state

A

Protect the health and safety of the public by ensuring health practitioners are competent and fit to practice
No practitioner practices outside of their scope

37
Q

What were the two optometry scopes

A

Optometrist and specialist optometrist

38
Q

How many scopes of practice are there now and what is it

A

1 scope, Optometrist

39
Q

What is an APC

A

Annual practising certificate

40
Q

What is the purpose of the APC

A

All practitioners need a current APC and only practice within their scope of practice

41
Q

How does HPCA protect titles and roles

A

Unqualified person must not claim to be a health practitioner, if so then a fine of up to $10,000

42
Q

How does HPCA restrict activities

A

Amended restrictions made if MoH is satisfied of public risk or permanent harm –> 2005

43
Q

What is ODOB

A

Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Board

44
Q

What does ODOB do

A

Responsible authority for optometrists under HPCA, they set standards for clinical competence and ethical conduct, they also register the health practitioner

45
Q

What standards does ODOB promote

A

Clinical, Cultural and ethical

46
Q

How many poeple in the ODOB and their roles

A

4; 2 dispending opticians and 2 lay members

47
Q

How many times do the optometrists in the ODOB meet per year

A

4 times per year

48
Q

ODOB rules

A

Eligibility for registration, fitness for registration requirements and Competence and its programmes

49
Q

What is eligibility for registration

A

Having the qualifications and competent for scope of practice

50
Q

What is Fitness for registration

A

Being able to comprehend english and no convictions more than 3 months

51
Q

What is competence and its programmes

A

Able to report another practitioner is they are a risk to the public

52
Q

Who can complain to the ODOB

A

The public can

53
Q

What happens if a complaint is made to the ODOB

A

Board may refer complaint to the professional conduct committee, member of public named and maybe harmed must be referred to HDC

54
Q

What are the possible outcomes of the professional conduct committee

A

No further steps, Review competence of practitioner and scope of practice or refer to police

55
Q

Health practitioner disciplinary tribunal penalties

A

Penalties include cancelling registration, suspend registration for 3 years or a fine less than $30,000

56
Q

What are the ethical principles ( 4 pillars )

A

Beneficence, Non-maleficence, justice and autonomy

57
Q

The professional and Client relationship

A

There is an imbalance of power where the client has no choice but to use services offered by the professional. Client cannot judge professional therefore client has to trust the professional therefore there is a difficulty in assessing the competence of the professional

58
Q

What are some issues in optometry

A

Advertising, promotions, direct to client advertising, conversion targets and referrals

59
Q

What is difficult about ethical practice

A

Difficulty achieving a consensus on what is right or wrong as it changes over time

60
Q

What is the code of ethics

A

Guideline for relationship between the professional and the client

61
Q

When was the ODOB ethical standards for optometrists effective

A

Jan 2021

62
Q

Explain the ODOB standard of ethical health care

A

Provide good eye care, making the patients eye, vision and health the first priority
Also to meet needs, values and belief of Maori and promote equitable access for Maori to good eye healthcare

63
Q

What happens if you do not uphold the ODOB standard of ethical health care

A

Disciplinary action

64
Q

What are the 4 ODOB standards for ethical health care

A

Respect patients, care for patients, work collaboratively with others and contributing to improve the health of the community

OPTOM (8 decks)

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