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OPTOM > OPTOM 216A Policies > Flashcards

OPTOM 216A Policies Flashcards

1
Q

Why is communication important in optometry

A

Patient feels respected therefore a good patient-optometrist relationship, also better health outcomes as patient is more compliant. Patient also accept errors if communicated well

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2
Q

What are the 2 Biomedical F’s

A

Find it and Fix it

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3
Q

What are the 3 Cs for communication

A

Clear, Concise and Consistent

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4
Q

What does being Clear mean

A

Using right amount of jargon when speaking to patient

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5
Q

What does being Concise mean

A

Avoiding filler words

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6
Q

What does being Consistent mean

A

Repeating the key messages

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7
Q

What are the Bayer institute of 4E’s

A

Engage, Empathise, Educate and Enlist

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8
Q

What does Engage mean

A

Encourage discussion and listening well

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9
Q

What does Empathise mean

A

Understand concerns and frustrations ; Sometimes you know the diagnosis but remember to take it slow with the patient

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10
Q

What does Educate mean

A

Demonstrating knowledge to build trust and ensuring patient understands

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11
Q

What does Enlist mean

A

Have patient involvement in the decision, patient feels sense of control and likely to comply with the plan

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12
Q

Behaviour with the patient

A

Greeting the patient, face the patient and maintain eye contact, be relaxed and let the patient speak

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13
Q

What is the most important resolution when a patient comes in

A

Ensure chief complaint is addressed and ensure there is not any other things the patient is concerned about. Ensure to ask if there can be any improvements

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14
Q

How to deliver bad news

A

have empathy and be careful with wording

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15
Q

How manage difficult cases

A

Use the NZ ODOB competencies, NZAO ethics guidelines and the NZ law
also remember to not over promise and lay blame

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16
Q

What is the process for collecting information

A

Identify, Observe, use open patient-lead questions and use closed physician lead questions.
Can use open and closed questions to fill in gaps

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17
Q

Things to identify in a patient

A

Name, address, gender, DOB, contact information, smoking status and occupation

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18
Q

What to observe in a patient

A

Presence of family, smell, head tilt, general ocular appearance

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19
Q

Basic template to use with patients consulation

A

Chief complaint –> Personal history of ocular and general health –> Family history of ocular and general health –> Then social history like living arrangements, driving and daily activities

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20
Q

How record chief complaint

A

Can come in many forms, use FOLDER for the symptoms

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21
Q

What does FOLDER stand for?

A

Frequency, Onset, Location, Duration, Exacerbating factors, relieving factors

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22
Q

What to ask about personal ocular history

A

When the last eye exam was, current prescription info etc

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23
Q

What to ask about personal general health

A

Medical history, Current medications and allergies, look for diabetes and hypertension and medications with ocular complications like anti-malarial drugs

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24
Q

How to take family history

A

Both ocular and medical family history useful, close relatives may be genetic risk

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25
How to take history in elderly
They have many health conditions so find main reason for visit, encourage to bring written list of concerns and questions then report to GP, can use more closed yes/no questions
26
How to take history in children
Most children tell you problems, do mention who was with the child
27
Useful information about children history
Pre-natal history to see any exposure to harmful toxins and also Pediatric history
28
History taking in paediatrics
Find chief complaint, may ask if any friends are wearing glasses, ask for any medications and allergies
29
What should be in the examination conclusion
Patient should be educated with treatment plan, repeat important information and check their understanding
30
What is a profession
Occupation with education, license, associations to promote standards and a code of conduct
31
What is NZAO
NZ association of Optometrists
32
What does NZAO do
Professional and public education
33
What is CCLSNZ
Cornea and Contact lens society of New Zealand
34
What does CCLSNZ do
Professional and public education
35
What is HPCA
Health practitioners competency assurance act
36
What does HPCA 2003 clause 3 state
Protect the health and safety of the public by ensuring health practitioners are competent and fit to practice No practitioner practices outside of their scope
37
What were the two optometry scopes
Optometrist and specialist optometrist
38
How many scopes of practice are there now and what is it
1 scope, Optometrist
39
What is an APC
Annual practising certificate
40
What is the purpose of the APC
All practitioners need a current APC and only practice within their scope of practice
41
How does HPCA protect titles and roles
Unqualified person must not claim to be a health practitioner, if so then a fine of up to $10,000
42
How does HPCA restrict activities
Amended restrictions made if MoH is satisfied of public risk or permanent harm --> 2005
43
What is ODOB
Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Board
44
What does ODOB do
Responsible authority for optometrists under HPCA, they set standards for clinical competence and ethical conduct, they also register the health practitioner
45
What standards does ODOB promote
Clinical, Cultural and ethical
46
How many poeple in the ODOB and their roles
4; 2 dispending opticians and 2 lay members
47
How many times do the optometrists in the ODOB meet per year
4 times per year
48
ODOB rules
Eligibility for registration, fitness for registration requirements and Competence and its programmes
49
What is eligibility for registration
Having the qualifications and competent for scope of practice
50
What is Fitness for registration
Being able to comprehend english and no convictions more than 3 months
51
What is competence and its programmes
Able to report another practitioner is they are a risk to the public
52
Who can complain to the ODOB
The public can
53
What happens if a complaint is made to the ODOB
Board may refer complaint to the professional conduct committee, member of public named and maybe harmed must be referred to HDC
54
What are the possible outcomes of the professional conduct committee
No further steps, Review competence of practitioner and scope of practice or refer to police
55
Health practitioner disciplinary tribunal penalties
Penalties include cancelling registration, suspend registration for 3 years or a fine less than $30,000
56
What are the ethical principles ( 4 pillars )
Beneficence, Non-maleficence, justice and autonomy
57
The professional and Client relationship
There is an imbalance of power where the client has no choice but to use services offered by the professional. Client cannot judge professional therefore client has to trust the professional therefore there is a difficulty in assessing the competence of the professional
58
What are some issues in optometry
Advertising, promotions, direct to client advertising, conversion targets and referrals
59
What is difficult about ethical practice
Difficulty achieving a consensus on what is right or wrong as it changes over time
60
What is the code of ethics
Guideline for relationship between the professional and the client
61
When was the ODOB ethical standards for optometrists effective
Jan 2021
62
Explain the ODOB standard of ethical health care
Provide good eye care, making the patients eye, vision and health the first priority Also to meet needs, values and belief of Maori and promote equitable access for Maori to good eye healthcare
63
What happens if you do not uphold the ODOB standard of ethical health care
Disciplinary action
64
What are the 4 ODOB standards for ethical health care
Respect patients, care for patients, work collaboratively with others and contributing to improve the health of the community

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