OPTOM 216A Policies Flashcards
Why is communication important in optometry
Patient feels respected therefore a good patient-optometrist relationship, also better health outcomes as patient is more compliant. Patient also accept errors if communicated well
What are the 2 Biomedical Fâs
Find it and Fix it
What are the 3 Cs for communication
Clear, Concise and Consistent
What does being Clear mean
Using right amount of jargon when speaking to patient
What does being Concise mean
Avoiding filler words
What does being Consistent mean
Repeating the key messages
What are the Bayer institute of 4Eâs
Engage, Empathise, Educate and Enlist
What does Engage mean
Encourage discussion and listening well
What does Empathise mean
Understand concerns and frustrations ; Sometimes you know the diagnosis but remember to take it slow with the patient
What does Educate mean
Demonstrating knowledge to build trust and ensuring patient understands
What does Enlist mean
Have patient involvement in the decision, patient feels sense of control and likely to comply with the plan
Behaviour with the patient
Greeting the patient, face the patient and maintain eye contact, be relaxed and let the patient speak
What is the most important resolution when a patient comes in
Ensure chief complaint is addressed and ensure there is not any other things the patient is concerned about. Ensure to ask if there can be any improvements
How to deliver bad news
have empathy and be careful with wording
How manage difficult cases
Use the NZ ODOB competencies, NZAO ethics guidelines and the NZ law
also remember to not over promise and lay blame
What is the process for collecting information
Identify, Observe, use open patient-lead questions and use closed physician lead questions.
Can use open and closed questions to fill in gaps
Things to identify in a patient
Name, address, gender, DOB, contact information, smoking status and occupation
What to observe in a patient
Presence of family, smell, head tilt, general ocular appearance
Basic template to use with patients consulation
Chief complaint â> Personal history of ocular and general health â> Family history of ocular and general health â> Then social history like living arrangements, driving and daily activities
How record chief complaint
Can come in many forms, use FOLDER for the symptoms
What does FOLDER stand for?
Frequency, Onset, Location, Duration, Exacerbating factors, relieving factors
What to ask about personal ocular history
When the last eye exam was, current prescription info etc
What to ask about personal general health
Medical history, Current medications and allergies, look for diabetes and hypertension and medications with ocular complications like anti-malarial drugs
How to take family history
Both ocular and medical family history useful, close relatives may be genetic risk
How to take history in elderly
They have many health conditions so find main reason for visit, encourage to bring written list of concerns and questions then report to GP, can use more closed yes/no questions
How to take history in children
Most children tell you problems, do mention who was with the child
Useful information about children history
Pre-natal history to see any exposure to harmful toxins and also Pediatric history
History taking in paediatrics
Find chief complaint, may ask if any friends are wearing glasses, ask for any medications and allergies
What should be in the examination conclusion
Patient should be educated with treatment plan, repeat important information and check their understanding
What is a profession
Occupation with education, license, associations to promote standards and a code of conduct
What is NZAO
NZ association of Optometrists
What does NZAO do
Professional and public education
What is CCLSNZ
Cornea and Contact lens society of New Zealand
What does CCLSNZ do
Professional and public education
What is HPCA
Health practitioners competency assurance act
What does HPCA 2003 clause 3 state
Protect the health and safety of the public by ensuring health practitioners are competent and fit to practice
No practitioner practices outside of their scope
What were the two optometry scopes
Optometrist and specialist optometrist
How many scopes of practice are there now and what is it
1 scope, Optometrist
What is an APC
Annual practising certificate
What is the purpose of the APC
All practitioners need a current APC and only practice within their scope of practice
How does HPCA protect titles and roles
Unqualified person must not claim to be a health practitioner, if so then a fine of up to $10,000
How does HPCA restrict activities
Amended restrictions made if MoH is satisfied of public risk or permanent harm â> 2005
What is ODOB
Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Board
What does ODOB do
Responsible authority for optometrists under HPCA, they set standards for clinical competence and ethical conduct, they also register the health practitioner
What standards does ODOB promote
Clinical, Cultural and ethical
How many poeple in the ODOB and their roles
4; 2 dispending opticians and 2 lay members
How many times do the optometrists in the ODOB meet per year
4 times per year
ODOB rules
Eligibility for registration, fitness for registration requirements and Competence and its programmes
What is eligibility for registration
Having the qualifications and competent for scope of practice
What is Fitness for registration
Being able to comprehend english and no convictions more than 3 months
What is competence and its programmes
Able to report another practitioner is they are a risk to the public
Who can complain to the ODOB
The public can
What happens if a complaint is made to the ODOB
Board may refer complaint to the professional conduct committee, member of public named and maybe harmed must be referred to HDC
What are the possible outcomes of the professional conduct committee
No further steps, Review competence of practitioner and scope of practice or refer to police
Health practitioner disciplinary tribunal penalties
Penalties include cancelling registration, suspend registration for 3 years or a fine less than $30,000
What are the ethical principles ( 4 pillars )
Beneficence, Non-maleficence, justice and autonomy
The professional and Client relationship
There is an imbalance of power where the client has no choice but to use services offered by the professional. Client cannot judge professional therefore client has to trust the professional therefore there is a difficulty in assessing the competence of the professional
What are some issues in optometry
Advertising, promotions, direct to client advertising, conversion targets and referrals
What is difficult about ethical practice
Difficulty achieving a consensus on what is right or wrong as it changes over time
What is the code of ethics
Guideline for relationship between the professional and the client
When was the ODOB ethical standards for optometrists effective
Jan 2021
Explain the ODOB standard of ethical health care
Provide good eye care, making the patients eye, vision and health the first priority
Also to meet needs, values and belief of Maori and promote equitable access for Maori to good eye healthcare
What happens if you do not uphold the ODOB standard of ethical health care
Disciplinary action
What are the 4 ODOB standards for ethical health care
Respect patients, care for patients, work collaboratively with others and contributing to improve the health of the community
