Option C.1

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

A community is a group of living organisms living together in the same environment, each species has its own specific role within the community

Question 2

Niche

Answer 2

The location and life activities of an organism. A niche includes an organism’s spatial habitat, feeding activities and interactions with other species

Question 3

Keystone species

Answer 3

Keystone species are members of an ecosystem that have a disproportionate impact on the diversity of species found within an ecosystem.

Question 4

Simpson index

Answer 4

measureof diversity which takes into account number of species present

Question 5

Competition Exclusion Principle

Answer 5

No two species can share the exact same niche since competition within the niche will cause one species to be excluded from the niche. Hence each species occupies its own distinct niche

Question 6

Competitive

Answer 6

two species occupying the same territory compete for the same limited resource

Question 7

Herbivory

Answer 7

consumption of plant or primary producer material by herbivores or primary consumers

Question 8

Predation

Answer 8

one consumer (predator) feeding off of another prey

Question 9

Parasitism

Answer 9

Parasites live on or in a host and take food resources from the host; the parasites benefit and the host is harmed in parasitic relationships

Question 10

Mutualism

Answer 10

two species form a relationship in which each species benefits from the relationship. E.g - (algae) Zooxanthellae and coral - The algae provides oxygen and produces nutrients for the coral while the coral offers the algae protection as well as carbon dioxide and other materials to aid in its metabolic processes.

Question 11

Commensalism

Answer 11

Commensalism describes an ongoing interaction between two species whereby one benefits and the other is unaffected.