Optics, Waves, Lasers 1 Flashcards
real image
converge at P’
virtual image
diverge at P’
image either
erect or inverted
if lateral magnification positive
erect
if lateral magnification negative
inverted
lateral magnification=
hi/ho
focal point
point where parallel rays converge after reflection from concave or diverge after reflection from convex
focal length
focal point to vertex
object/image distances - plane mirror
1/s+1/s’=0
object/image distances - spherical mirror
1/s+1/s’=2/R=1/f
object/image distances - plane refracting surface
na/s+nb/s’=0
object/image distances - spherical refracting surface
na/s+nb/s’=nb-na/R
lateral magnification - plane mirror
m=-s’/s=1
lateral magnification - spherical mirror
m=-s’/s
lateral magnification - plane refracting surface
m=-nas’/nbs=1
lateral magnification - spherical refracting surface
m=-nas’/nbs
non paraxial rays
do not converge precisely - spherical abberation
thin lenses - 1/s+1/s’=
1/f
thin lenses 1/f=
(n-1)(1/R1-1/R2)
s>0 when
object on incoming side (real object)
s’>0 when
image is on outgoing side (real image)
R>0 when
centre of curvature is on outgoing side
m>0 when
image is erect
what do cameras form?
real, inverted image