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Optics Review Flashcards

Science

1
Q

What is Light?

A

Allows us to see.

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2
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

3.0 x 10^8

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3
Q

How does wavelength and frequency relate to light and energy?

A

This is because as the wavelength increases, the frequency and energy actually start to decrease making the light dimmer.

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4
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum, how does it relate to light?

A

A diagram that shows the range, or spectrum of electromagnetic waves in order of wavelength, frequency, and energy. This relates to light because it’s the only visible rays we can see.

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5
Q

What are different ways light is produced?

A

Luminous - Produces its own light.
Non-Luminous - Does NOT produce its own light. (Reflects on other Luminous things)

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6
Q

What is unique about lasers?

A

Lasers are visible light of a very pure color and Laser electromagnetic waves travel in exactly the same direction.

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7
Q

What is a plane mirror and how do you detect images in those mirrors?

A

Light rays and laws of reflection determine where the image will be formed in a plane mirror.

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8
Q

What is the difference between real and virtual images?

A

Real images converge meanwhile virtual images do NOT converge.

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9
Q

What is the difference between convex and concave mirrors?

A

Convex mirrors curve outwards, meanwhile concave curves inwards.

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10
Q

How do you detect images in concave mirrors and what are the characteristics of images in the mirror?

A

The reflection (image) would be curved inwards more to the middle. Some characteristics of the mirror are the Center of Curvature (C), Principal axis (PA), Vertex (V), converge, and Focus (F).

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11
Q

What are some applications of mirrors?

A

Headlights, Telescope, UV Lights, Car lights

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12
Q

What is refraction?

A

The change in direction of lights as it travels from one object to another.

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13
Q

Why does refraction occur?

A

Refraction occurs because light travels slower through more dense mediums.

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14
Q

What is the critical angle?

A

The critical angle is 90 degrees.

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15
Q

What is the partial reflection and refraction?

A

When a light ray travels through two mediums.

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16
Q

What is the total internal reflection? When does it occur?

A

Complete ray of light within a medium.

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17
Q

How do you find the index of refraction?

A

N = C/V

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18
Q

What is the index of refraction and how does it relate to speed of light and critical angle and angle of refraction?

A

The angles are proportional to the index of refraction.

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19
Q

What are lenses?

A

A piece of transparent glass which concentrates or disperses light rays when passes through them by refraction.

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20
Q

What are two types of lenses and how do they redirect light?

A

Convex and Concave.

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21
Q

How do you detect images in lenses and what are the characteristics of those images?

A

Ray tracing detects images. Real image, inverted, but they can vary in size.

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22
Q

Define Electromagnetic spectrum.

A

The electromagnetic spectrum is a diagram that shows the range, or spectrum of electromagnetic waves, in order of wavelength, frequency and energy.

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23
Q

Define Wavelength

A

A distance from one crest to another.

24
Q

Define Laser.

A

L - Light
A - Amplification
S - Stimulated
E - Emission
R - Radiation

25
Q

Define Luminous

A

Produces its own light (e.g. the Sun)

26
Q

Define Non-Luminous

A

Does not produce its own light (e.g. the Moon)

27
Q

Define Virtual Image

A

An image formed by light coming from an apparent light source; light is not
arriving at or coming from the actual image location.

28
Q

Define Real image

A

An image that can be seen on a screen as a result of light ways actually arriving at the image location.

29
Q

Define Normal

A

The perpendicular line to a mirror surface.

30
Q

Define Incident Ray

A

The incoming ray that strikes a surface.

31
Q

Define Reflected Ray.

A

The ray that bounces off a reflective surface.

32
Q

Define Angle of Incidence

A

The angle between the incident ray and the normal (i).

33
Q

Define Angle of reflection

A

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal (r).

34
Q

Define Law of Reflection

A

The incident ray refracted ray, and the normal to the interface of two media at the point of incidence all lie on the same plane.

35
Q

Define Concave mirror.

A

Mirrors that curves inward or away from object.

36
Q

Define Convex Mirror.

A

Mirror that curves outwards or towards object.

37
Q

Define Plane Mirror.

A

A flat reflective surface.

38
Q

Define Refraction.

A

When light slows down through a denser medium or the change of direction of light as it travels to from one medium to another.

39
Q

Define Refracted Ray.

A

the ray that entered the second medium

40
Q

Define Angle of Refraction

A

the angle between a refracted ray and the normal drawn at the point of incidence to the interface at which refraction occurs.

41
Q

Define Critical angle.

A

A 90 degree angle

42
Q

Define Total internal Reflection.

A

Complete ray of light within a medium.

43
Q

Define Retro-reflectors

A

occurs when a surface returns a large portion of directed light beam back to its source

44
Q

Define Dispersion

A

Distributing things over an area.

45
Q

Define Prisms

A

A solid shape that is bound on all its sides.

46
Q

Define Lenses

A

a transparent object to change the path of light.

47
Q

Define Diverging lenses.

A

A lens where rays go parallel.

48
Q

Define Converging Lenses.

A

A lens where rays meet and create a focal point.

49
Q

Define Optical Centre.

A

the point which lies on the principal axis through which the rays of light pass without any deflection

50
Q

Define Principal axis.

A

The line through the centre of curvature to the midpoint of the mirror.

51
Q

Define Focus.

A

The point at which light rays parallel to the principal axis converge when they are reflected off a concave mirror.

52
Q

Define Primary focus.

A

The incidence ray.

53
Q

Define Secondary Focus.

A

The exit ray.

54
Q

Define Centre of curvature

A

The centre of the sphere whose surface has been used to make the mirror.

55
Q

Define Magnification

A

Focusing on a certain point of an image.

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