optho terms 2

Question 1

facet

Answer 1

loss of corneal stroma with intact overlying epithelium.

this occurs because epithelialization of a corneal ulcer progresses more rapidly than stromal healing.

Question 2

Corneal edema

Answer 2

the only blue opacity
often appears heterogeneous of fluffy
2 sources: epithelial disruption- ulceration
endothelial disruption- glaucoma, uveitis, degeneration/dystrophy

Question 3

Superficial corneal neovascularization

Answer 3

the vessel pattern occurs in response to superficial disease processes.
think of KCS, eyelid disorders, feline herpesvirus, and superficial corneal ulcers
these vessels are tree-like in their appearance and can often be seen crossing the limbus and can coalesce to form raised granulation tissue

Question 4

deep corneal neovascularization

Answer 4

this vessel pattern occurs in response to deep disease processes
think of deep/infected corneal ulcers, uveitis, and glaucoma
these vessels are usually straight and cannot be seen crossing the limbus and do not extend as far across the cornea as superficial vessels.

Question 5

ciliary flush

Answer 5

360 degree deep corneal neovascularization

ciliary refers to the ciliary body, implying that these vessels arrive in the cornea from an intraocular or deep origin.

Question 6

white blood cel corneal infiltration

Answer 6

this falls within our white category of corneal opacity and is a sign of active inflammation (keratitis). WBC infiltration often painful and signals infection.
presence typically signifies an ocular emergency
these infiltrates can have a tellow or green appearance and are most commonly observed in equine stromal abscesses and cases of corneal melting keratomalacia

Question 7

corneal fibrosis

Answer 7

aka corneal scarring
this results from stromal collagen contracture and appears as a dull wispy white
you mighy see ghost vessels present from past active keratitis
non painful

Question 8

corneal dystrophy or degeneration

Answer 8

dystrophy most often involves corneal lipid and appears glittery/shiny
degeneration involves calcium and appears gritty/chalky

Question 9

feline corneal sequestrum

Answer 9

devitalized portion of feline corneal stroma that pigments amber to black
the cause for pigment unknown though this condition often forms following chronic or recurrent corneal ulceration

Question 10

keratic precipitates

Answer 10

these are cellular adhesions to the endothelium and are pathognomic for uveitis
they have a classic appearance that can easily recognized
tiny dots from the mid portion of the cornea that become larger and denser in the ventral cornea