Opthalmology

Question 1

ambylopia

Answer 1

vision impairment resulting from interference with processing of images during first 6-7 years of life

Question 2

tx. of strabismus in a young infant

Answer 2

must be surgically corrected when diagnosed

Question 3

you notice a white pupil on a baby - what should you consider?

Answer 3

white pupil (leukocoria) = retinoblastoma
- urgent/emergency opthalmologist consult

Question 4

woman complains of frontal headache and nausea; she sees halos around lights in the parking lot, pupils are mid-dilated, do not react to light, corneas are cloudy and eyes feel hard - dx?

Answer 4

acute glaucoma

Question 5

tx. of acute glaucoma

Answer 5

drill hole in iris with laser beam to provide drainage route for fluid that is trapped behind anterior chamber

Question 6

medical tx. of acute glaucoma

Answer 6

systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
topical beta blockers
alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonists
mannitol and pilocarpine may also be used

Question 7

pt presents with swollen, red, hot, tender eyelid on left eye with fever and leukocytosis; pupil is dilated and fixed and there is very limited motion of the left eye

Answer 7

orbital cellulitis

Question 8

management of orbital cellulitis

Answer 8

opthalmologic emergency

1. CT scan - to assess extent of infection
2. surgical drainage

Question 9

tx. of chemical burns of the eye (ex. draino, bleach)

Answer 9

copious irrigation with cold water for atleast 30 minutes before patient comes to ER

Question 10

pt. reports seeing flashes of light at night when his eyes are closed as well as “floaters” during the day and a cloud at the top of his visual field

Answer 10

retinal detachment

Question 11

tx. of retinal detachment

Answer 11

opthalmologic emergency

- laser tx. to spot weld the retina and prevent further detachment

Question 12

an older patient calls you because he suddenly lost vision in his right eye - dx?

Answer 12

embolic occlusion of retinal aa

Question 13

management of embolic occlusion of retinal aa

Answer 13

opthalmologic ER

- tell patient to take aspirin, breathe into paper bag and someone press hard on eye and release it and hurry up to ER

Question 14

a diabetic patient complains to you about blurry vision that he usually gets after eating a big dinner and watching tv…

Answer 14

the lens swells and shrinks in response to fluctuations in blood sugar

Question 15

eye care recommendation for diabetics

Answer 15

regular opthalmologic follow-up for retinal complications