Opthalmology 2 Flashcards
What does this fundoscopy show?
Normal
What does this fundoscopy show?
Senile macula degeneration. The disc appears normal but there is unusual pigmentation at the macula. The patient also has drusen which are asymptomatic nodules occuring in the choroid
What does this fundoscopy show?
Central retinal vein occlusion. Typical ‘stormy sunset’ appearance with engorged veins with haemorrhages alongside them.
What does this fundoscopy show?
Hypertensive retinopathy. The retinal arteries have become arrow and torturous. In more advanced cases haemorrhages and ‘star burst’ exudates occur together with papilloedema
What does this fundoscopy show?
Papilloedema. The disc is swollen and the disc margin has disappeared. The veins are congested
What does this fundoscopy show?
Disc cupping. Here the degree of cupping is mild but suggestive of glaucoma. As the condition progresses the optic disc becomes pale and the cup wider and deeper
What does this fundoscopy show?
Optic atrophy. The optic disc is pale and the condition is associated with gradual loss of vision. It may be secondary to a number of conditions including glaucoma, retinal damage, ischaemia and poisoning
What does this fundoscopy show?
Mild background diabetic retinopathy. Haemorrhages and microaneurysms can be seen
What does this fundoscopy show?
Background diabetic retinopathy. These are areas of hard exudates and some evidence of macula involvement
What does this fundoscopy show?
Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy with haemorrhages, microaneurysms and hard and soft exudates
What does this fundoscopy show?
Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy with extensive haemorrhages and exudate formation and a preretinal (subhyaloid) haemorrhage
What does this fundoscopy show?
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy with new vessel formation
What does this fundoscopy show?
Diabetic retinopathy recently treated with laser photocoagulation
