Opthalmic surgery

Question 1

Clinical signs of entropion

Answer 1

Lacrimation, blepharospasm, photophobia, conjunctivitis, keratitis, and pawing at eyes

Question 2

Breeds most affected by entropion

Answer 2

Sharpei, Chow Chow, St Bernard, Rottweiler, Great Dane, Bull mastiff, Labrador retreiver, Basset Hound, and Cocker Spaniels

Question 3

Brief explaination of eyelid tacking

Answer 3

Sutures or staples are used to turn the eyes outwards for 10-20 days. Done before 8 months of age.

Question 4

Patient preparation for eyelid tacking

Answer 4

Hair clip not necessary. Skin around lower eyelid cleaned using povidone iodine 10% diluted to 0.1-0.2% using a cotton tip. Allow for 2 minutes contact time, then flush with sterile saline.

Question 5

Patient positioning for eyelid tacking

Answer 5

Lateral recumbency.

A towel should be placed under the chin to elevate the head slightly.

Question 6

Briefly explian Hotz-Celsus procedure

Answer 6

Cutting out a crescent shape wedge of skin and muscle close to the lid margin and suturing the deficit.

Question 7

Patient preparation for Hotz-Celsus procedure

Answer 7

Place water soluble gel in eye
Clip or trim fur around the eye
Remove hair by hand or with lint roller
Lavage eye with saline 
Clean fornix with cotton bud and povidone iodine 0.1-0.2% 
Prep surrounding skin with povidone iodine 0.1-0.2%
Allow 2 minute contact time
Flush with sterile saline

Question 8

Patient positioning for Hotz-Celsus procedure

Answer 8

Sternal recumbency
Towel or support bag under chin to elevate head slightly
Head needs to be symmetrical

Question 9

Instrumentation and materials for Hotz-Celsus procedure

Answer 9

Fine instrumentation
Eye drape
Small absorbable suture material

Question 10

Clinical signs of ectropion

Answer 10

Lacrimation, blepharospasm, photophobia, conjunctivitis, keratitis, pawing at eyes, visible sagging or rolling of eyelids.

Question 11

Breeds most affected by ectropion

Answer 11

Cocker Spaniel, Blood hound, Mastiff, Newfoundland, Basset hound

Question 12

Briefly explain wedge resection

Answer 12

Triangular full thickness wedge of skin removed from lower eyelid and sutured closed.

Question 13

Patient preparation for wedge resection

Answer 13

Place water soluble gel in eye
Clip or trim fur around the eye
Remove hair by hand or with lint roller
Lavage eye with saline 
Clean fornix with cotton bud and povidone iodine 0.1-0.2% 
Prep surrounding skin with povidone iodine 0.1-0.2%
Allow 2 minute contact time
Flush with sterile saline

Question 14

First aid for eye prolapse

Answer 14

Eyeball should be kept moist with water soluble gel and saline soaked gauze sponges

Question 15

Treatment of eye prolapse

Answer 15

If eyeball remains viable, it can be replaced in socket

If eyeball or nerve is irreversibly damaged, then enucleation is performed