Opposition to Liberalism Flashcards
What did the Luddites believe?
They opposed the idea of mechanization in the textile industry, as it was removing their jobs
What did the Luddites do?
Claiming to be led by Nedd Ludd, the first person to ever destroy a piece of industrial machinery, they broke into factories and destroyed over 200 pieces of machinery
What happened between the Luddites and Emanuel Burton?
In 1812 the Luddites broke into his factory, but Burton had hired guards who killed 3 men. In response, the Luddites set his house on fire and the military arrived and killed 7 men. The government introduced policies to suppress them in 1817
What did the Chartists want?
Universal sufferage for all men over 21, despite class
What happened with the Chartists in 1839?
They presented the charter to parliament with 1.25 million signatures but it was rejected. When chartist leaders threatened to strike in whales they were imprisoned. Supporters stormed the prison and troops killed 24 people and wounded 40
What did the utopian socialists believe?
They advocated better working conditions and idealized Sir Thomas More’s book describing utopia
What did Sir Robert Owen do?
He owned the largest cotton-spinning business in Britain and converted New Lanark into a utopian socialist town focused on education, medical care, comfort and leisure
What are the main socialist ideals?
Private ownership of production companies promotes exploitation, society should be classless and the government should direct the economy to ensure economic equality
What is scientific socialism?
Marxism: a radical form of socialism
What did Marxists believe?
That the only way to overthrow capitalism was by a class struggle between business owners and workers
What are command economies?
Economies in which governments decide which goods are produced, how they are produced and at what price they are sold, rather than the economy
Who was Edmund Burke?
A British classical conservative who believed decisions had to be made in consideration of the people of the past, present and future. He viewed the French Revolution as an example of the flaws of following equality and freedom and believed the general will of the people was dangerous.
