Opposition & resistance

Question 1

8 groups in opposition

Answer 1

1) communists

2) Social democrats

3) Trade Unions

4) Churches

5) opposing youth

6) Students

7) Conservatives

8) Army

Question 2

How did the communists attack the regime and what impact did it have?

Answer 2

Pamphelts - ‘Red Orchestra’ - sent spy network to Moscow.

impact = minimal - most arrested after Reichstag Fire

Question 3

How did the social democrats attack the regime and what impact did it have?

Answer 3

banned but underground - anti-nazi propaganda

minimal impact - greater concern == self preservation

Question 4

How did the trade unions combat the regime and impact

Answer 4

weakened by 1934 arrests but did strikes in 1935-6 & 1945. ineffective

Question 5

Churches opposing and impact?

Answer 5

Bishop Galen of Munster attacked euthanasia policy

impact - able to stop euthanasia temporarily - many church leaders sent to camps.

Question 6

opposing youth examples and impact

Answer 6

‘Swing Youth’, ‘Edelweiss pirates’ - anti-nazi jazz music

impact = basically ineffective

Question 7

students opposing and impact

Answer 7

‘White Rose’ - student grooup in Munich - pamphlets against Nazis

impact = leaders arrested & tortured

Question 8

conservatives opposing and impact

Answer 8

‘The Kreisau Circle’ - drew up plans for post-nazi Germany

impact = resistance only came later on - difficult to organise and plan - feared arrest

Question 9

army in opposition and impact

Answer 9

slow development - army oath - defeat of Stalin gradually developed opposition - bomb plot

impact - bomb plot failed - H regained control - 5,000 members killed

Question 10

3 reasons for little opposition

Answer 10

1) Nazi ‘economic miracle’

2) terror

3) oppostion groups were divided - comms and SPD didn’t unite