OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Candida albicans diseases (4)

Answer

A

● Oral moniliasis
● Vaginal moniliasis
● Onychomycosis
● Paronychomycosis

Question 2

Q

thrush

Answer

A

Oral moniliasis

Question 3

Q

vulvovaginitis

Answer

A

Vaginal moniliasis

Question 4

Q

nail infection

Answer

A

Onychomycosis

Question 5

Q

cuticle infection

Answer

A

Paronychomycosis

Question 6

Q

Lab diagnosis for Candida (2)

Answer

A

Germ tube
CHROM agar

Question 7

Q

uses enzymatic reactions to differentiate Candida spp.

Answer

A

CHROM agar

Question 8

Q

hyphae-like extensions of young yeast cells showing parallel sides, are aseptate, and will not constrict at point of origin

Answer

A

True germ tube

Question 9

Q

looks like germ tubes but with septate and constricted at point of origin

Answer

A

Pseudohyphae

Question 10

Q

all Candida exhibit pseudohyphae except

Answer

A

Candida glabrata

Question 11

Q

encapsulated yeast cell in bird and bat droppings

Answer

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 12

Q

demonstrates capsule

Answer

A

India ink

Question 13

Q

demonstrates starburst pattern

Answer

A

Gram stain

Question 14

Q

Causes meningitis

Answer

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 15

Q

Laboratory Diagnosis of C. neoformans
Urease & inositol
Nitrate

Answer

A

Urease & inositol (+);
Nitrate (-)

Question 16

Q

Laboratory Diagnosis of C. neoformans (culture)

Answer

A

SDA media without cycloheximide;
birdseed/Niger’s seed/Staib’s

Question 17

Q

causes respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients, esp. AIDS

Answer

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 18

Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci specimen

Answer

A

bronchoalveolar lavage

Question 19

Q

Isolation methods (differential test media) [8]

Answer

A

Birdseed / Niger’s seed / Staib’s
Cornmeal Agar w/ Tween 80
Cottonseed Agar
Potato Dextrose Agar
Rice Medium
Urea Agar
Nitrate Production Media
Czapek’s Medium

Question 20

Q

Birdseed / Niger’s seed / Staib’s (3)

Answer

A

➢ for C. neoformans; detects phenol oxidase
➢ Contains caffeic acid
➢ brown black colonies

Question 21

Q

Cornmeal Agar w/ Tween 80 (3)

Answer

A

➢ for Candida spp.
➢ Chlamydospore production
➢ stimulates conidia & chlamydospore production

Question 22

Q

Cottonseed Agar (2)

Answer

A

➢ for B. dermatitidis
➢ induces conversion of mold to yeast

Question 23

Q

Potato Dextrose Agar (3)

Answer

A

➢ induces pigment production of T. rubrum
➢ Red color colonies
➢ stimulates conidia production

Question 24

Q

Rice Medium

Answer

A

differentiates Microsporum spp

Question 25

Q

Urea Agar (3)

Answer

A

➢ differentiates T. rubrum (-) & T. mentagrophytes (+)
➢ detects urease of Cryptococcus neoformans
➢ Red positive color

Question 26

Q

Nitrate Production Media

Answer

A

for C. neoformans

Question 27

Q

Czapek’s Medium

Answer

A

species identification of Aspergillus