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OPP > OPP Test 2 > Flashcards

OPP Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Fascia components

A

GAGs
glucosamine
hyaluronic acid
chondroitin sulfate

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2
Q

more GAGS

Less GAGS

A

more water binds=more flexible

less water binds=tightness (aging)

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3
Q

tension on fibroblast

A

becomes a myocyte

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4
Q

majority of propiriception

A

in fascial sheaths

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5
Q

CT functions

A

metabolic, stores E, forms scar tissue

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6
Q

wolffs law

A

bones (and soft tissue) tend to deform along the lines of force placed on them.

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7
Q

hookes law

A

any strain/deformation placed on an elastic body is in proportion to the stress placed on it. (shin spilnts)

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8
Q

newtons thrid law

A

when 2 bodies interact, the force exerted by the first on the second is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by the second body on the first body.

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9
Q

pascals law

A

pressure applied to a liquid at rest from any point is transmitted equally in all directions.

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10
Q

MFR releases E in form of

A

heat, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric (bioelectric) changes.

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11
Q

stress and strain

A 
Stress = the force applied to deform a structure
Strain = the resulting deformation
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12
Q

pain is localized

A

at loose sites as muscles are usually weak and inhibited and then Tight areas are frequently tethered (the joint above and below the laxity are tight)

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13
Q

What has to be involved in creating a tethered or lax site

A

Hooke’s Law: any strain/deformation placed on an elastic body is in proportion to the stress placed on it.

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14
Q

piezoelectric model

What accounts for the change in energy content

A

Mechanical tension creates bioelectric current changes that guide the orientation of fibrin and collagen. (scar tension lines)

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15
Q

piezoelctricity

A

Piezoelectricity is current that is produce by the transformation of mechanical stress to electrical energy.

Piezoelectric substances act as transducers and are able to discharge electrical current when physically stressed.

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16
Q

what does a neg charge stimulate?

Positive charge?

A

neg=osteoblasts=healing

pos= osteoclasts

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17
Q

goals of MFR

A

Normalizes ROM across a joint

All of these improve type and arrangement of collagen deposition

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18
Q

MFR relative CI

A 
Fractures
 open wounds, 
acute thermal injury
soft tissue or bony infections
deep venous thrombosis (threat of embolism) 
disseminated or focal neoplasm 
recent post-operative states over the site of proposed treatment (wound dehiscence)
 aortic aneurysm
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19
Q

how much physical activity

A

a minimum of 30 minutes of moderate- intensity (Walking 1.5-2.0 miles in 30 minutes) aerobic activity 5 days per week

or a minimum of 20 minutes of vigorous- intensity aerobic activity 3 days per week

or a combination of moderate and vigorous exercise 3-5 days per week

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20
Q

how much resistence training

A

2-3 days per week

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21
Q

how much flexibility

A

2-3 days a week

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22
Q

fnxn fitness (yoga)

A

2-3 days per week

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23
Q

if you dont exercise

A

you smoke

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24
Q

examples of moderate ex

A

Cycling

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25
Q

how many servings of fruit and veggoes for adults and children

A

9 (.5 cup servings) for adults

5 (childs palms) for children

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26
Q

best oils

A

olive and canola

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27
Q

water intake for 8 year old
9-18yo
and 19+

A

4-5 cups
7-11 cups
9-13cups

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28
Q

water tx

A

4 cups a day and increase 1 cup every 2 days

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29
Q

sleep children

adults

A

10-12
7-8
ca-mg

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30
Q

no ergogemnic effect

A

Protein supplements
Vitamin C
Chromium
DHEA

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31
Q

lymph technique

A

move prox to distal (central to perif)
Thoracic inlet, respitory diaphragm (extrinsic pump), and pelvic diaphragm to get everything below the pelvis (LE), then axillary and popliteal fossa if they need it
Then do your other pumps (liver, spleen, thoracic pumps)
recheck perif to central

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32
Q

major lymph pump

A

resp diaphram the thoracic inlet

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33
Q

lymph absolute CI

A 
Aneuresis if not on dialysis 
Necrotizing fasciitis (in area involved)
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34
Q

lymph relative CI

A

Osseous fracture or crushed tissue
Bacterial infections with risk of dissemination
Chronic infections with risk of reactivation (abscess, chronic osteomyelitis)
Diseased organ (treating thyroid in presence of hyperthyroidism)
Pregnancy (uterus/deep abdominal work)
Circulatory disorders (venous obstructions, embolism, hemorrhage)
Coagulopathies; patients on anticoagulants
Unstable cardiac conditions
CHF (Caution should be used to avoid mobilizing and returning an overwhelming amount of fluid to a compromised heart)
COPD (thoracic pump with activation due to increased residual volume post treatment)
Cancer (immune system activation vs. lymphatic spread)

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35
Q

hip and ankle rotations

A

are opposite

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36
Q

ex rot of hip=what for femur head

int rot?

A

ex=head of femur glides ant

int=head moves post

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37
Q

hip flexers

A

iliopsoas (L123)

38
Q

hip extensors

A

glut max (52 inf)

39
Q

hip abductors

A

glut med (51 sup)

40
Q

hip adductors

A

adductor longus (obturator n)

41
Q

hip internal rot

A 
*first to go
glut min (sup 51)
42
Q

hip external rot

A

piriformis (S12)

43
Q

most common hip dysfnxn

A

decreased extension DT psoas and also *decreased interal rot bc of piriformis tightness (usually first motion lost)

44
Q

acetabular labrum 2 fnxns

A

hip stability and proprioception

45
Q

labrum injury signs

A

sharp ant thigh pain and worsens when rising from seated position and clicking
nonresponsive to conservatve tx

46
Q

gliding of knee
int rot
external rot

A

int=posterolateral gliding of tib on femur

ext=with anteromedial gliding of tib on femur

47
Q

menisci
outer 1/3
inner 1/3

A

outer=vascular=healing

inner=avascular=nonhealing

48
Q

knee flexors

A 
biceps fem (52)
post knee pain
49
Q

knee extensors

A 
rectus fem (fem n)
ant knee pain
50
Q

fib head and lat malleolus are opposite

A

ant fib head=post lat mal
post fib head=ant lat mal
could contribute to foot drop bc pinch common fib n

51
Q

fib head restriction DT

A

hamstring strain and LCL bc they attach to it (maybe a lat meniscus also)

52
Q

sympathetic levels for LL

A

T10-L3
can increase sympathetic tone to the lower extremity and reduce arterial supply = impaired healing and increase lymphatic contraction=less flow

53
Q

muscle spindle

A

length and rate of change

54
Q

gamma gain

A

the muscles will be recalibrated at a shorter length causing hypertonicity=SD

55
Q

MET

A

most commonly isometric

56
Q

MET absolute CI

A

none

57
Q

MET relative CI

A

Infection, hematoma, tear in involved muscle
Fracture or dislocation of involved joint
Rheumatologic conditions causing instability of the cervical spine
Undiagnosed joint swelling of involved joint
Positioning that compromises vasculature
Patient with low vitality (i.e. Post-AMI) bc may stimulate the SNS and muscle contraction may increase the work load on the heart

58
Q 
when should you use 
isometric
concentric
eccentric
isokinetic
isolytic
A

isometric=hypertonic
concentric-hypotonic
eccentric-fibrosis
isokinetic-water aerobics (joints in multiple planes)
isolytic (forced lengthening)-shotened fibrotic mm (adesions)

59
Q

ankle is most stable in…

A

DF

60
Q

how does the talus glide in DF and PF

A

DF=post glide of talus

PF=ant glide of talus

61
Q

pronation of the foot

A

Eversion + Dorsiflexion + ABduction (calcaneus & toes)

62
Q

supination of the foot

A

Inversion + Plantar flexion + ADduction (calcaneus and toes)

63
Q

longitudinal arches

lateral and med

A

lat=weight bearing and elastic; Built to transmit weight & thrust to the ground

med=more mobile and changes to adapt to the terrain (gait) mm don’t contribute to this arch

64
Q

dropped medial arch

A

Caused by ABduction of foot and a valgus calcaneus & dorsiflexion of the ankle=extreme pronation

65
Q

transverse arch

tarsal arch

A

flat feet

66
Q

hammer toes

A

ext-flex-ext

67
Q

claw toes

A

ext-flex-flex

68
Q

grade 1 sprain (no NSAIDs)
grade 2 sprain (no NSAIDs)
grade 3 sprain

A

1- no laxity (PRICE)
2-partial tear-limp, laxity with firm (good) end point (PRICE)
3-complete tear, no stability, no end point (PRICES)

69
Q

ottawa ankle rules

A

Do not use in patients under the age of 18!!!!

70
Q

ant drawer for ankle

A

tests ATF (talus moves forward)

71
Q

talar tilt

A

invert heel=ATF and calcaneofib ligs are torn

72
Q

ankle inversion effects

A

ankle inverts
lat mal ant=fib head post
tib ext rot=femur int rot
and L5 rot opposite of ankle sprained (L5RL with R ankel sprain)

73
Q

HVLA absolute CI

A 
Upper cervical
Rheumatoid arthritis 
Down syndrome 
Achondroplastic dwarfism 
Chiari malformation 
Fracture / dislocation / spinal or joint instability 
Ankylosis / Spondylosis with fusion 
Surgical fusion 
Klippel-Feil syndrome 
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency 
Inflammatory joint disease 
Joint infection 
Bony malignancy
74
Q

HVLA relative CI

A 
Acute herniated nucleus pulposus 
Acute radiculopathy 
Acute whiplash / severe muscle spasm / strain/sprain 
Osteopenia / Osteoporosis 
Spondylolisthesis 
Metabolic bone disease 
Hypermobility syndromes
75
Q

ant talus dx

A

(posterior tibia on talus)

Talus Plantar flexed with Anterior Glide

76
Q

post talus dx

A

Anterior tibia on talus

Talus Dorsiflexed with Posterior Glide

77
Q

neutral

flex and ext

A

facets are not engaged
facets are engaged (flex=open
ext=closed)

78
Q

fryetes 3rd

A

When motion occurs in any one plane within a joint, the motion in all other planes of that joint will be influenced

79
Q

muscular SD

A

Muscular Restriction
Longer paraspinal muscles maintain Type I dysfunctions
Often postural compensation/chronic process
Short paraspinal muscles maintain Type II dysfunctions
Often acute process

80
Q

type 1

A

groups
chronic
maintained by long paraspinals (Erector Spinae)

81
Q

type 2

A

single
acute
maintained by short paraspinals (Transversospinal group)

82
Q

type 2 flexion SD

A

When this segment is extended or returned to neutral, one facet will remain open while the other closes
This segment will rotate and sidebend toward the facet that closes
Because both facets are still able to open, the segment returns to symmetry in flexion
With OMT treatment you are trying to close the stuck open facet

83
Q

type 2 extension SD

A

One facet is unable to open completely (stuck closed)
When this segment is flexed or returned to neutral, one facet will open, but the other remains closed
Rotation and sidebending will occur toward the facet that remains closed upon flexion
This segment returns to symmetry upon extension when both facets are closed
With OMT treatment, you are trying to open the closed facet

84
Q

paraspinal fullness/elevation

A

rotation is to this side

85
Q

Rule of threes spinous process in relation to transverse process

A

1-3 and 12=same level
4-6 and 11=1/2in lower
7-10= 1inch lower

86
Q 
landmarks are the spinous process
sup scap border
scap spine
scap angle
iliac crest
A

super scap border=T2
scap spine=T3
scap angle=T7 (but body and transverse process of T8)
iliac crest=L4

87
Q

rot
SB
flex and ext

A

rot=vert axis in transverse plane
SB=A-P axis in coronal plane
flex and ext=transverse axis in saggital plane

88
Q

clicking=?
locking=?
instability=?

A

click=labrum
lock=meniscus
instability=ligament

89
Q 
born
banner
osteopathy coined
ASO
Vermont
flexner
califfornia when to when
military
missisippi
A 
born 1828
banner 1874
osteopathy coined 1889
ASO 1892
vermont 1896
flexner 1910
california 1962-74
military 1966
mississippi 1973
90
Q

return to play criteria

A

full painless ROM

90% strength compared to other side

91
Q

PRICE

A 
Protect
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

OPP (2 decks)

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