Opioids

Question 1

what type of opioid receptor is in the gut?

Answer 1

mew

Question 2

mew receptors are located where in the neuron

Answer 2

both presynaptically and post-synaptically

Question 3

kappa receptors are located where in the neuron

Answer 3

presynaptic only

Question 4

delta receptors are located where in the neuron

Answer 4

presynaptic only

Question 5

2 pre-synaptic mechanisms that suppress NT release are:

Answer 5

1. inhibit Ca++ influx presynaptically

2. stimulate K+ efflux (hyperpolarize membrane)

Question 6

Post-Synaptic mechanism that reduces NT release:

Answer 6

Stimulate K+ channel

Question 7

Describe 2 mechanisms morphine can reduce NT release

Answer 7

Pre-synaptic: morphine binds mew receptor, shutting down Adenylate cyclase/cAMP-mediated Ca2+ influx, effectively reducing NT release.

Post-synaptic: morphine binds mew receptor, promoting K+ efflux-mediated hyperpolarization, shutting down Ca2+ permeability

Question 8

6 effects of opioids

Answer 8

Euphoria
Sedation
Cough suppression
Miosis
Temperature
RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

Question 9

3 strong opioids

Answer 9

Morphine
methadone
meperidine

Question 10

moderately strong oipoips

Answer 10

codein

oxycodone

Question 11

Receptor agonist-antagonist

Answer 11

pentazocine

buprenorphine

Question 12

antagonist

Answer 12

noloxone

Question 13

Meperidine’s bioactive metabolite is

Answer 13

norpethidine

Question 14

Michael jackson

Answer 14

meperidine

Question 15

key side effect of opioids

Answer 15

suppressed respiration

Question 16

mechanisms of opioids to produce euphoria?

Answer 16

“inhibiting the inhibitor”

opioids bind mew receptor presynaptically, suppressing GABA release, thus promoting DA release at post-synaptic neuron

Question 17

weakly antagonizes the analgesics effects of morphine and meperidine (eg. to reduce hallucination)

Answer 17

pentazocine

Question 18

reverses opioid overdose (respiratory depression)…blue lips…unresponsive to pain…not breathing….

Answer 18

noloxone

Question 19

methadone

Answer 19

an opioid that reverses effect of morphine…lasts longer….mew and delta type receptor agonist