Ophthamology Flashcards
1
Q
viral conjunctivitis
A
- px: bilateral, watery discharge, itchy, preauricular adenopathy
- easily transmissible
- normal vision
-tx: none
2
Q
bacterial conjunctivitis
A
- px: unilateral, purulent discharge
- normal vision, not itchy, no adenopathy
-tx: topical antibiotics (higher than oral doses)
3
Q
red eye causes
A
conjunctivitis
uveitis
4
Q
conjunctivitis
A
- px: discharge, normal pupils
- dx: clinical
- tx: topical antibiotics
5
Q
uveitis
A
- px: photophobia (bc iris has to dilate/constrict)
- dx: slit lamp exam
- tx: topical steroids
6
Q
glaucoma
A
- px: pain, fixed midpoint pupil
- dx: tonometry
- tx: acetazolamide (dec vitreous production), mannitol (osmotic diuretic), pilocarpine (contricts pupil), beta blockers, laser trabeculopasty
7
Q
abrasion
A
- px: feels like sand in eyes
- dx: fluorescein stain
- tx: no specific tx, patch
8
Q
chronic glaucoma
A
- asymptomatic
- dx by screening
- elevated intraocular pressure
9
Q
glaucoma tx
A
- prostaglandin analogues: inc drainage (lantanaprost, travoprost, bimatoprost)
- beta blockers: inc drainage & dec production (timolol, metipranolol, betaxolol)
- topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: dec humor production (dorzolamide, brinzolamide)
- alpha 2 agonist: opens canal of Schlomm
- pilocarpine: inc drainage
- laser: burn through iris to inc drainage
10
Q
acute angle glaucoma
A
- sudden onset
- extremely painful
- dark room makes it WORSE
- pupil can’t react to light
- hazy cornea
-tx: IV acetazolamide, OV mannitol, pilocarpin, laser
11
Q
herpes keratitis
A
= infection of cornea
- red eye, swollen
- DON’T USE STEROIDS
-dx: flourescien stain
-tx: acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir
trifuridine, idoxuridine
12
Q
cataracts tx
A
surgery (remove lens and replace with new one)
13
Q
diabetic retinopathy
A
-need annual screening exam
14
Q
DB retinopathy nonproliferative tx
A
glucose control
15
Q
DB retinopathy proliferative tx
A
=neovascularization
- laser photocoagulation
- VEGF-inhibitors
- vitrealotomy
