Cardiology

Question 1

peripheral artery disease dx

Answer 1

ankle-brachial index (ABI) = best initial

angiogram = most accurate

Question 2

peripheral artery disease tx

Answer 2

• ASA + smoking cessation + cilostazol = best initial

- cilostazol = phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Question 3

aortic dissection px

Answer 3

• sudden, tearing pain
• radiates to back (between scapulae)
• different BPs b/t arms

Question 4

aortic dissection tx

Answer 4

-control BP with BB or nitroprusside

Question 5

peripartum cardiomyopathy px, tx

Answer 5

= antibodies against the myocardium in pregnancy

-tx: ACEI, ARB, BB, spironolactone, diuretics, digoxin
same as for dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 6

cardiomyopathy dx

Answer 6

-echo = best initial & most accurate

Question 7

murmurs that DON’T increase with expiration

Answer 7

• hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)

- mitral valve prolapse

Question 8

cardiomyopathy types

• systolic
• diastolic

-px

Answer 8

• systolic dysfunction = dilated cardiomyopathy; low EF
• diastolic dysfunction = hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; preserved EF
• px: SOB, edema, rales, JVD

Question 9

dilated cardiomyopathy causes

Answer 9

• alcohol
• postviral myocarditis
• radiation
• toxins (doxorubicin)
• Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi; kissing bug)

Question 10

dilated cardiomyopathy tx

Answer 10

• ACEI or ARB
• beta blockers
• spironolactone
• diuretics & Dig for symptom control
• biventricular pacemaker, ACD

Question 11

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HCM) cause

Answer 11

HTN

-heart cannot relax in diastole