Ophthalmoscopy Flashcards
Instrument designed for the examination of the interior of the eye.
Ophthalmoscope
Two types of Ophthalmoscope
Direct and Indirect Ophthalmoscope
An instrument about the size of a small flashlight with several lenses that can magnify up to about 15x and a field of view of about 6.5degrees.
Direct Ophthalmoscope
Image seen in D.O
Virtual and Erect
Ophthalmoscope accessories
Large light
Medium
Small
Half light
Red free
Slit
Blue light
Grid
Used for gauging convexity or concavity of a retinal lesion.
Vertical slit
decrease the amount of reflex pupillary constriction
Large and small apertures
decrease reflected glare from the cornea and anterior lens.
Little window of a polarizing glass
Used to measure vessel size
Grid
color is violet for making evaluation of the pattern of fitting contact lenses.
Cobalt blue filter
Used in contrasting red color of the blood vessels.
Red free filter
Contrast between vessels and background was great heightened and aberrations were diminished.
Yellowish-green filter
Test Target:
Gross target
Test Distance:
20ft or 6m
Illumination:
DIM
Constitutes a light attached to a headband, in addition to a small handheld lens.
Indirect ophthalmoscope
Image seen in I.O
Real and inverted
Magnification of about 2 to 5x and a field of view of about 25 or 30 degrees.
I.O
GRIP
Greet, Rapport, Introduce and Identify, explain Procedure
Who designed a head borne binocular indirect ophthalmoscope
Schepens
If the image size enlarges, the eye is
Myopic
If the image size decreases, the eye is
Hyperopic
Blurred disc margin
Engorged, tortuous veins
Papilledema
Increased cupping
Glaucoma
Pale, featureless disc
Optic atrophy
Several small, friable new vessels forming around the optic disc.
Profilerative diabetic retinopathy
corneal injection (red eye) hypopyon (pus in the anterior chamber)
Corneal ulcer
best known fundus contact lens in the market.
Goldmann Three-Mirror Lens
used in conjunction with a condensing lens.
field of view 10x wider than direct ophthalmoscopy
Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy
Dilation is Contraindicated to:
patients with history of penetrating injury
patients with iris-clip intraocular lens
driving following pupil dilation
Most commonly used condensing lenses:
+14.00 to +20.00 D
Magnification of +14.00D
2.7x
+20.00D
1.9x
requires the use of a mydriatic agent.
Binocular Direct Ophthalmoscopy