ophthalmology

Question 1

cherry red spot at the macula

Answer 1

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 2

“tear drop” or “blood level in sinus”

Answer 2

blow-out fracture

Question 3

failure to adduct

Answer 3

internuclear ophthalmoplegia - issue with medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 4

pain on eye movement

Answer 4

optic neuritis, most commonly caused by MS

Question 5

painful loss of vision 1-2 weeks

Answer 5

optic neuritis

Question 6

curtain coming down <5 mins

Answer 6

amaurosis fugax

Question 7

curtain coming down (partial) longer than 5 mins

Answer 7

retinal detachment

Question 8

flashes and floaters

Answer 8

retinal detachment

Question 9

photophobia

Answer 9

anterior uveitis

Question 10

gritty

Answer 10

bacterial conjunctivitis or sub-tarsal foreign body

Question 11

watery and pain and pre-aurical lymph nodes

Answer 11

viral conjunctivitis

Question 12

silver/copper wiring

Answer 12

HTN eye disease

Question 13

loss of red reflex, eye red on ophthalmoscopy

Answer 13

haemorrhage

Question 14

new vessels and haemorrhage

Answer 14

ARMD wet

Question 15

follicular conjunctivitis

Answer 15

chlamydial/viral

Question 16

pinpoint pupils

Answer 16

pontine issue

Question 17

dilated pupils

Answer 17

trans-calcarine fracture

Question 18

different sized pupil

Answer 18

damage to CN3 (or sympathetic chain as in Horner’s)

Question 19

down and out, dilated

Answer 19

damage to CN3

Question 20

down and out, not dilated

Answer 20

diabetes

Question 21

roth spots

Answer 21

infective endocarditis

Question 22

brushfield spots

Answer 22

down’s syndrome

Question 23

“scrambled egg”/”egg yolk” appearance of macula

Answer 23

best disease (vitelliform macular dystrophy)