Ophthalmology

Question 1

Red flags for the eye?

Answer 1

PAIN, sudden onset of pain/vision change, limbic/ciliary flush, photophobia, decreased acuity, abn pupil size/response, opacity on cornea

Question 2

What is keratitis?

Answer 2

inflammation of cornea, often viral, may affect vision/cause FB sensation. urgent consult if affecting vision. Bacterial = purulent d/c, injected, photophobia, hypopyon (pus)

Question 3

Herpes keratitis

Answer 3

HSV infxn in eye, purulent d/c, injection, photophobia, dendritic lesions

Question 4

What intervention leads you to suspect Foreign body?

Answer 4

pain relief w.anesthetic drops. Spares limbus, pupils nml.

Question 5

S/sx’s acute iritis

Answer 5

gradual aching pain, limbic flush, photophobia, miosis,

Question 6

S/sx’s of acute angle glaucoma

Answer 6

pain, IOP > 21mmHg, photophobia, limbic flush, halos/poor acuity, HA, vomiting, abd pain, elevated IOP

Question 7

Tx of iritis

Answer 7

cycloplegics, steroids, pain drops

Question 8

Tx chemical burns

Answer 8

cycloplegic, pain drops, steroids ,consult

Question 9

Tx acute angle glaucoma

Answer 9

mannitol or diamox (decreased IOP), B blocker (timoptic, decrease aqueous humor), pilocarpine (miosis)

Question 10

Sx’s of vitreous hemorrhage

Answer 10

floaters, haze, cobwebs, black spots. Painless! (unless from trauma), gradual visual loss, absent red reflex

Question 11

Sx’s retinal detachment

Answer 11

sudden floaters/black dots/light flashes, curtain, cloudy vision, visual field deficit, afferent pupillary defect

Question 12

How do you distinguish btwn central retinal vein vs artery occlusion (both are monocular)?

Answer 12

vein = blurry vision, acute/slow onset, common cause of blindness. artery = acute catastrophic loss of vision, cherry spot, afferent pupillary defect, hx DM, HTN