Ophthalmology

Question 1

Acute angle closure glaucoma

Answer 1

Red eye of an acute painful dull nature, with photophobia and reduced vision in a hypermetropic person is highly indicative of acute angle closure glaucoma.

The pupil in this condition is usually mid-dilated oval shaped.

The oval shape is due to the iris sphincter ischaemia from the high intraocular pressure.

Question 2

Causes of visual field defects

Answer 2

• Central scotoma- optic nerve
• Bitemporal hemianopia- optic chiasma
• Incongruous homonymous hemianopia- optic tract
• Homonymous superior quadrantanopia- Temporal lobe
• Homonymous inferior quadrantanopia- Parietal lobe
• Homonymous hemianopia- posterior occipital lobe

Question 3

Grave’s Eye Disease

Answer 3

Block replace( high dose carbimazole and thyroxine replacement) is the initial choice for managing thyrotoxicosis in patients with significant thyroid eye disease. This may be continued for up to 18 months until thyroid eye disease is stable.

> > Radioiodine leads to transient worsening of thyroid eye disease.

Question 4

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Answer 4

Following panretinal laser photocoagulation up to 50% of patients have a noticeable reduction in their visual field