Ophthalmologic signs Flashcards
1
Q
A
Normal fundus
- Left eye
- Vessels emerge from nasal side of the disc
- Arteries are narrower than veins
2
Q
A
Papilloedema
- Oedema of optic disc
- Blurred elevated margin
- Dilated retinal veins
- Haemorrhages
3
Q
A
Optic atrophy
- Optic nerve degeneration
- Sharp disc margin
- Very pale disc
4
Q
A
Central retinal artery obstruction
- Ischaemia of anterior retina except fovea/macula
- Pale optic disc
- Fovea: cherry red spot
5
Q
A
Branch retinal artery obstruction
- Ischaemia of corresponding retinal quadrant
- White plaque occludes retinal artery
6
Q
A
Central retinal vein obstruction
- Haemorrhages (flame, dot, blot)
- Dilated veins
- Exudates
- Optic disc oedema
- Corresponds with branch retinal vein obstruction
7
Q
A
Branch retinal vein obstruction
- Haemorrhages (flame, dot, blot)
- Dilated veins
- Exudates
- Optic disc oedema
- Corresponds with central retinal vein obstruction
8
Q
A
Hypertension
- Arteriosclerosis:
- AV nipping
- Silver wiring
- Haemorrhages
- Soft exudates
- Hard exudates
- Optic disc oedema
9
Q
A
Glaucoma
- Increased disc diameter
- Optic atrophy
10
Q
A
Diabetes mellitus
- Microaneurysms
- Haemorrhages
- Soft exudates
- Hard exudates
- Neovascularisation
- Optic disc oedema
- White scars
11
Q
A
Macular degeneration
- Hard exudates:
- Drusen
- Pigment deposits
- Haemorrhages
- Neovascularisation
12
Q
A
Retinal detachment
13
Q
A
Retinoblastoma
- Found in children
14
Q
A
Malignant melanoma
- Found in adults
