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AAO Study Guide > Ophthalmic Pt Services & Education > Flashcards

Ophthalmic Pt Services & Education Flashcards

1
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis

A
  • lubricants are often used for treatment
  • dry mouth may be associated
  • pt may have arthritis
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2
Q

Reasons to apply pressure patch

A
  • limit bleeding after surgical wound
  • immobilize eyelids to promote corneal epithelial healing
  • prevents eyelid movement
  • limit bacteria from reaching eye
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3
Q

Superior rectus and inferior oblique

A

Pair of muscles that elevate the globe

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4
Q

Hyphema

A

blood in the anterior chamber

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5
Q

Structures involved in drainage of tears

A
  • punctum
  • canaliculus
  • nasolacrimal duct
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6
Q

Ophthalmia neonatorum

A

conjunctivitis in newborn

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7
Q

Common infections in pts with AIDS

A
  • cytomegalovirus
  • herpes zoster
  • toxoplasmosis
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8
Q

Follicular conjunctivitis

A

infectious disease caused by viruses and chlamydial organisms

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9
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis can cause:

A
  • dry eye
  • scleritis
  • peripheral corneal ulceration
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10
Q

Trichiasis

A

eyelashes turned in

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11
Q

Entropian

A

eyelid margin turning in

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12
Q

Ectropian

A

eyelid margin turning out

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13
Q

Amblyopia

A
  • lazy eye

* when vision development is suppressed during infancy or early childhood

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14
Q

Strabismus

A

misalignment of eyes

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15
Q

Pinguecula

A

degeneration of CONJUNCTIVA, forming small yellowish mass on the temporal or nasal side near the cornea

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16
Q

Aqueous vein

A

drains aqueous humor (not blood) from the eye

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17
Q

Cardiovascular System

A
  • pumps blood throughout the body includes:
  • ophthalmic artery
  • carotid artery
  • central retinal vein
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18
Q

Optic chiasm

A

location where optic nerve fibers cross

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19
Q

Where are floaters found?

A

vitreous

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20
Q

Pterygium

A

wedge-shaped/wing-shaped of conjunctival tissue that grows on CORNEA

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21
Q

Anterior chamber Angle

A

formed by junction of cornea and iris

22
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus

A
  • corneal infection can lead to scarring
  • corneal infection characterized by dendritic pattern
  • causes fever blisters or “cold sores”
  • caused by chicken pox
23
Q

Structures involved in creating focused visual image

A
  • lens
  • retina
  • cornea
24
Q

What structure blocks aqueous outflow channel in the anterior chamber in primary angle-closure glaucoma

A

iris

25
Q

Ischemic process

A

reduction in blood flow to an organ or structure

i.e. heart attacks, strokes, retina artery occlusions

26
Q

Neoplastic process

A

solid tissue growth or tumor that may be benign or malignant

i.e. Melanoma of choroid

27
Q

Hydrophobic

A

resists water

28
Q

Acute angle-closure glaucoma

A
  • elderly pt
  • negative for POH
  • nausea
  • sudden onset pain OD
  • blurred vision w/haloes around lights
29
Q

Polycarbonate lenses

A
  • recommended for safety glasses

* recommended for pts with vision in only one eye

30
Q

Thyroid ophthalmology can cause:

A
  • strabismus

* proptosis

31
Q

Important in assessing glaucoma

A
  • visual field
  • measure corneal thickness
  • IOP check
32
Q

Ocular manifestations of systemic disease

A
  • proptosis w/exposure keratopathy
  • diabetic retinopathy
  • sjogren syndrome
33
Q

Cells found in conjunctiva

A

goblet cells

34
Q

Part of eye involved in focusing light

A

Cornea and Lens

35
Q

Open-angle Glaucoma

A

common in elderly

36
Q

What tissues compose the uveal tract

A
  • iris
  • ciliary body
  • choroid
37
Q

What structure attaches to elevator muscle

A

tarsus

38
Q

Common ocular manifestations of myasthenia gravis

A

ptosis and diplopia

39
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

inflammation of lacrimal sac

40
Q

Papilledema

A

caused by increased intracranial pressure

41
Q

Hypopyon

A

layer of pus (white blood cells) in anterior chamber

42
Q

Found in anterior segment of eye

A
  • schlemm’s canal
  • lens
  • aqueous humor
43
Q

Cells found in retina

A
  • ganglion cells
  • bipolar cells
  • rod cells
44
Q

Medial rectus

A

extraocular muscle that adducts the eye (turns it inward)

45
Q

Varicella-zoster

A

painful skin eruptions across the left/right side of his forehead that extends onto his left/right (same side) scalp area

46
Q

Structure that light passes through before reaching the photoreceptors (rods and cones)

A

ganglion cells

47
Q

Optic Neuritis

A
  • inflammation of the optic nerve

* associated with multiple sclerosis

48
Q

Endothelium

A

corneal tissue that pumps fluid out of cornea

49
Q

Range of the wavelengths of visual light

A

400 to 750 nanometers

50
Q

Hormones produced by endocrine system

A
  • thyroxine
  • insulin
  • estrogren

AAO Study Guide (5 decks)

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