Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals Flashcards

1
Q

Corticosteroids

A
  • Anti-inflammatory at low dose, Immunosuppressant at high dose
  • MoA: Inhibit phospholipase A2 enzyme + prevents release of arachinidonic Acid
  • Treats Iritis + conjunctivitis
  • Drug example: Predforte (Strong steroid), Alrex (Mild steroid)
  • Adverse effects: Elevated IOP, Cataract (Long use of corticosteroid)
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2
Q

NSAID’s

A
  • MOA: Inhibit Cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 + COX-2)
  • OPHTHALMIC USE: Treat pain and inflammation after cataract surgery, off-label for pain management
  • DRUG EXAMPLES: Voltaren (Diclofenac sodium gel), Propensa (Bromfenac Sol.)
  • ADVERSE EFFECTS: Burning, stinging, Hyperemia (redness)
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3
Q

Corticosteroid/Antibiotic combo

A
  • OPHTHALMIC USE: Bacterial Conjunctivitis
  • DRUG EXAMPLE: Blephamide (Sulphonamide antibiotic with corticosteroid - Susp. Or Ung.)
  • DRUG EXAMPLE: Tobradex (Aminoglycoside antibiotic with Corticosteroid - Susp. Sol. Or Ung.
  • ADVERSE EFFECTS: Allergic reactions, Elevated IOP
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4
Q

Immuno-modulators

A

Modify immune system - Either Immunostimulators (Enhance immune system against disease/conditions) or immunosuppressants (Reduce immune response)

  • DRUG EXAMPLE: Restasis - MoA: inhibits Inflammation in tear glands - OPHTHALMIC USE: Dry eye disease - ADVERSE EFFECTS: Conjunctival hyperemia, stinging, blurry vision
  • DRUG EXAMPLE: Xiidra - MoA: Interferes with inflammatory cycle - OPHTHALMIC USE: Inflammatory dry eye disease - ADVERSE EFFECTS: Burning, stinging, irritation
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