Anti-infective Drugs

Question 1

Sulfonamides (Antibacterial)

Answer 1

Inhibit Folic Acid - Bacteriostatic - Drug example: Bleph-10

Question 2

Fluoroquinolones (Antibacterial)

Answer 2

Inhibit DNA synthesis - bacteriocidal - Drug Example: Ciloxan (Ciprofloxacin)

Question 3

Fusidic Acid (Antibacterial)

Answer 3

Inhibit Protein synthesis- either bactericidal or bacteriostatic - Drug example: Fusithalmic (Fusidic acid)

Question 4

Aminoglycosides (Antibacterial)

Answer 4

Inhibit protein synthesis - bactericidal - Drug example: Tobrex (tobramycin)/Garamycin (Gentamycin)

Question 5

Macrolides (Antibacterial)

Answer 5

Inhibit protein synthesis - bactericidal or bacteriostatic - Drug example: Odan-erythromycin (Erythromycin ointment)

Question 6

Polypeptide Antibiotic (Antibacterial)

Answer 6

Interferes with cell wall synthesis - bactericidal for gram positive bacteria but ineffective for gram negative - Drug example: AK-Tracin (Bacitracin - ointment)

Question 7

Combination Antibacterial (Antibacterial)

Answer 7

Drug example: Polytrim (Trimethoprim and Polymyxin B) - MoA (Polymyxin - Break down cell membrane, Trimethoprim - Prevents DNA synthesis)

Question 8

Topical Antiviral (Antiviral)

Answer 8

Inhibit synthesis of viral DNA - Drug Example: Viroptic (Trifluridine) - Adverse effects: Eye irritation, blurred vision

Question 9

Polyenes (Antifungal)

Answer 9

Drug Example: Natacyn (Natamycin) - Inhibit cell membrane function - Adverse effects: blurred vision, double vision

Question 10

Azoles (Antifungal)

Answer 10

Inhibit cell wall synthesis - Drug example: ketoconazole, fluconazole

Question 11

Antimetabolites (Antifungal)

Answer 11

Inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis - Drug example: flucytosine - used in combination with polyenes and Azoles

Question 12

Acanthamoeba (Antiparasitic - Anterior segment)

Answer 12

Protozoan - treatment: Topical Neomycin

Question 13

Demodex Folliculorum + Demodex Brevis (Antiparasitic - Anterior segment)

Answer 13

Mites in eyelash follicles (Folliculorum), Mites in meibomian gland (Brevis) - both ectoparasites and can be treated with Cliradex (Tea Tree oil) - alters cell membrane

Question 14

Toxoplasma Gondii (Antiparasitic - Posterior segment)

Answer 14

Protozoan - Choriorerinitis (Inflammation of the choroid) - Treatment: Oral Meds