Ophthalmic

Question 1

Alcohol and detergents can cause damage to what 2 parts of the eye/ eye area?

Answer 1

cornea and conjunctiva

Question 2

What solution is used to prep via scrubbing the periocular area?

Answer 2

1:50 (.2%) iodine/ saline solution
OR
.05% chlorhexadine gluconate solution
remember to alternate with sterile saline

Question 3

T/F: You should always avoid using scrub to prep eye area bc can damage cornea.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Which instrument is used to hold the eyelids open for surgery?

Answer 4

Barraquer eyelid speculum

Question 5

You are doing ophthalmic surgery and you knick a vein that is bleeding. What do you use to stop the bleeding?

Answer 5

apply 1:10,000 epinepherine solution on a sterile swab

Question 6

How do you close a full thickness eyelid laceration?

Answer 6

Close in 2 layers- muscle and fibrous tissue with a simple continuous pattern- bites perpendicular to eyelid
avoid the conjunctiva!

Question 7

Which type of suture do you use to perform a figure 8 pattern closing an eyelid laceration?

Answer 7

Vicryl 5-0 or 6-0

Question 8

75% of all canine eyelid tumors are benign and are called: _________

Answer 8

Meibomian gland adenomas

Question 9

Eyelid tumors more than ____ of the eyelid need reconstructive surgery with H-resection. Lacerations less than this can be closed with a V resection.

Answer 9

> 1/3

Question 10

T/F: Eyelid agenesis is seen more often in dogs than cats.

Answer 10

False Cats get it more commonly than dogs

Question 11

The inward turning of eyelids is termed_______

Answer 11

Entropion

Question 12

There are 2 forms of entropion. The most common is (congenital/ acquired)?

Answer 12

Congenital- normally bilateral

Question 13

The acquired form of entropion is associated with what clinical sign?

Answer 13

spasm of eyelid

Question 14

What is the most common procedure to fix entropion? How does it work?

Answer 14

Hotz celsus- use a 5-0 PDS
2 types: hemostat and incision.
Hemostat is taking some skin on bottom lid in hemostats for 30 sec and then remove skin with scissors and suture.
Incision: Take a cresent shape incision 2mm from eyelid margin and suture closed.

Question 15

Eyelid lacerations are closed in 2 layers: ______ & _______. And the bites are (parallel/ perpendicular) to eyelid?

Answer 15

Fibrous and Muscular

Perpendicular

Question 16

For eyelid lacerations, when doing the figure-8 pattern, the pattern is started ___mm from eyelid margin and ends ____mm from margin. You should use 4/0 or 5/0 ______ suture.

Answer 16

For eyelid lacerations, when doing the figure-8 pattern, the pattern is started 4 mm from eyelid margin and ends 1 mm from margin. You should use 4/0 or 5/0 Vicryl suture.

Question 17

What are the two surgical treatment options for ectropion?

Answer 17

Wedge resection & H-Y Blepheroplasty

Question 18

What is the most commonly reported congenital anomaly of the drainage system of dogs?

Answer 18

Punctal Aplasia and Micropunctum

Seen in goldens, cockers and poodles and signs are tear staining and epiphora

Question 19

T/F: Excision of the Nictitating Membrane/ 3rd eyelid is an established way of correcting Cherry Eye in dogs?

Answer 19

False- it USED to be done, but we know now that it leads to KCS/ chronic dry eye in dogs.
Approved surgical management: Orbital Rim Anchoring technique and Morgan Pocket techniques

Question 20

Two surgical techniques indicated for enucleation in dogs:

Answer 20

Subconjunctival

Transpalpebral

Question 21

What is proptosis?

Answer 21

Protrusion of eyeball out of the head!

Question 22

When is enucleation indicated for proptosis?

Answer 22

If 2 or more rectus muscles are severed or the globe is ruptured.

Question 23

If globe is intact and rectus muscles are intact, how do you save the eye? How many cases regain vision?

Answer 23

Manually reduce- using lateral canthotomy or eyelic sutures to facilitate if needed. Then apply temporary tarsorrhaphy- 2-3 weeks. 20% regain vision.