Operations of Systems Flashcards
What are the pitot-static flight instruments
-Altimeter
-Vertical Speed Indicator
-Airspeed Indicator
What relies on the Pitot Tube?
Airspeed Indicator
Describe the airspeed indicator
Airspeed Indicator – This is the only instrument that uses both the pitot and static ports. It
measures the difference between dynamic pressure (ram air entering the pitot tube) and static
pressure (air that is unaffected by the aircraft’s flight path). Ram air exerts a force on a diaphragm
inside of the instrument. The instrument case is full of static air.
Describe the altimeter
Altimeter – This measures the difference between static pressure inside of the instrument case and standard pressure (29.92” Hg) sealed inside of an aneroid wafer. When the airplane is climbing and ambient pressure begins to decrease, the wafer is able to expand because the air that is sealed inside is now of higher pressure. The altimeter is a sensitive altimeter meaning that it can be calibrated to the local barometric pressure
Describe the vertical speed indicator
Measures the difference between static pressure and static pressure that is subject to a calibrated leak
How do the pitot-static instruments respond to blockages?
What are the gyroscopic/vacuum instruments
-Heading indicator
-Attitude Indicator
Describe the Attitude Indicator
Attitude Indicator – Rotates in the horizontal plane and operates off of the principle of rigidity in space.
The aircraft pitches and rolls around the erect gyroscope.
Describe the Heading Indicator
Rotates in the vertical plane and operates off of rigidity in space as well. As the aircraft yaws around the gyro, a gear inside of the instrument case rotates the compass card to show the magnetic direction. Precession caused from aircraft movement and friction causes error that must be corrected by resetting the heading indicator to the magnetic compass approximately
every 30 minutes
Explain the errors associated with the magnetic compass
Variation- Magnetic North and True North are not in the same location.
Deviation-Magentic fields caused by the aircraft affect the compass.
Describe the Acceleration and Declaration errors with a magnetic compass.
Acceleration Error: While on east or west headings, acceleration results in a slight turn to the north.
Deceleration: results in a turn to the south.
The rule is: ANDS Accelerate North Decelerate South
Describe the engine in this aircraft.
180 HP Lycoming 0-360-A4M
4 cylinders
Horizontally Opposed
Air-cooled
Naturally aspirated
Direct Drive
Carbureted engine
(4HANDC)
How does the engine work (four strokes)
-Intake: vale opens (fuel/air mixture enters)
-Compression: Piston moves back up to compress mixture
-Power: Spark plugs ignite mixture
-Exhaust: Exhaust valve opens and expels excess
What is the oil capacity of your aircraft?
8 qts (min 6 qts)
What type of propeller do we have? What is the max rpm
76” Sensenich fixed pitch
2700rpm
Outside spins faster than inside (more distance)
Inside is twisted more (higher AoA)
Draw the fuel system
Fuel flows from the fuel tanks into a fuel selector, then passes through the fuel strainer, following an electric fuel pump, then engine driven pump, and into the carburetor where it will be regulated via mixture and throttle controls.
