Operations Management | Term 1 2016 Flashcards
What are the 5 Stages of Product Selection
- Exploring and generating ideas
- Rough Screening
- Business Analysis
- Prototype development
- Testing
Define Product
- Selecting and documenting of all the features of a good or service to be produced and all the inputs needed for the production (eg. size, shape, colour)
- Requirements for manufacturing (eg. equipment, machinery, processes)
Define Product orientated Layout
The stage of production process which includes a repetitive assembly of highly standardized products. When a production operation uses a product layout, production work can be layout in a linear line with subdivided labor and technology in a smooth line.
Define Automation
The use or introduction of automatic equipment in a manufacturing process or facility.
Define Robotics
The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots.
Define Facilities
A place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose
Define Capacity
The maximum amount something can produce
Define Fixed position layout
In a fixed position layout, personnel, supplies, and equipment are brought to the site where the product will be assembled, rather than the product being moved through an assembly line or set of assembly stations.
Define Product orientated Layout
The stage of production process which includes a repetititve assembly of highly standardized products. When a production operation uses a product layout, production work can be layout in a linear line with subdivided labor and technology in a smooth line.
Define CIM
Computer-integrated manufacturing
Define EDI
Electronic data interchange: refers to computer-to-computer exchange of business
data between organisations
Define FMS
Flexible manufacturing systems: This technology is related to CAM (Computer-aided manufacturing) but offers even greater flexibility in production runs.
Define CAD
CAD stands for Computer-aided design. Product designers and engineers work with computers to create products and modify specifications. The technology encourages wider possibilities because of the easy use of ‘what if’ approaches on the computer.
Define Process Oriented Layout
A process-oriented layout is a method manufacturing corporations use to organize their work stations based on the activities being performed at each station and not the specific product being worked on. This is one of the standard methods of separating and distinguishing work stations within a single manufacturing workshop.
TRUE OR FALSE: A process- oriented layout is a method manufacturing corporations use to organise the layout of their staff
FASLE!!!! Process-oriented layout refers to the method manufacturing corporations use to organise their work stations based on the activities being performed at each work station
Define Process Technologies
A process technology is the term used to transform inputs into goods and services. Machinery and equipment are process technology, but the term also includes the systems and work practices used along with the physical technology.
Define Customised Services
This is services or ideas that are tailored in production to meet the specifications or requirements of an individual customer.
Define Operations System
Is the part of an organisation that produces goods and services by processing inputs to achieve desired outputs.
What are Transformations
Is the marked change or a process in the product.
Define Tangible
(Can be touch) such as a good, tangible products are usually sold by a company for a profit to its customers. The customer does not need to present in the production of the item e.g. (bread)
Define Intangible
(Cannot be touched) such as education, health care and personal services. The consumer usually needs to be represent for the service
Define B2C
What are its benefits??
(Business to Customer) Businesses that sell products or provides services to end-user consumers (customer).
Explain Research and Development (R and D)
The search for improvements and innovations in process technology and in goods and services with a view to making new products.
Outline the 3 Elements of Operations System
Imagine how you would apply these to a:
Fridge?
Mail delivery system?
Transformation is allowed through the concept of the Operations System which contains three key elements:
- Inputs
- Processes
- Outputs
Outline Strategic Planning
Going hand-in-hand with operations decisions (how the product will be sold), strategic planning involves the marketing of what is produced.
Define Operations
The transforming of input (resources) such as raw materials, component parts, equipment and human skills and effort into goods or services that have value.
Define Productivity
The amount of output you can get out of your inputs.
Define Production Systems
A system which includes all functions required to design, produce, and service a product.
Define and explain CRMS
CRMS stands for Customer Relationship Management Strategy and is an efficient way for a business to provide information/advertising to potential customers online. It aims to increase communication between the business and the customer as well as increases revenue by providing quality service online.
Explain ESM
ESM stands for Ethical Social Management which manages inputs, suppliers and staff appropriately in order to apply the moral standards of the business into management behaviour.
Explain CSM
CSM stands for customer satisfaction measurement.It is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company, meet or surpass customer expectation.
What is Process choice
Operations managers make choices as to what types of technology are going to be used in the flow of the production process of their business.
Outline the role of an Operations manager
Being an operations manager involves responsibility over activities (planning, organising, leading and controlling) in organisations that contributes to the effective and efficient development of goods and services.
Define Goods
A good is something that can be touched - it is tangible e.g. pens, clothes, furniture, food etc.
Define Services
A service is something that cannot be touched (intangible), it is provided by another person e.g. doctors, hairdressers etc.
Why is location important?
The location of a business is not always defined geographically. The ‘location’ of the business could be said to be the location of its advertising or contct network.
Why is layout important?
Must accomodate the different types of production processes an organisation is likely to use.
Outline the JIT system
Just In Time approach, this is where inputs are delivered just before their used in the operations system. This approach heavily relies on supplies to deliver inputs at precisely the right time, however is beneficial as no excessive stock is waiting around the warehouse
Outline Critical Analysis
A scheduling method or technique that shows that tasks need to be done, how long they take and what order is necessary to complete those tasks.
Dispatching
A set of instructions that sends the inputs in the transformation process to where they are needed. Instructions can be given in many different ways.
Explain PERT
A PERT diagram breaks down a project into individual tasks and shows the flow from one task to another. Each step of the project is represented by a line with numbers and letters showing the duration of the tasks and what the task is.
Explain Corrective Maintenance
It occurs when a breakdown happens. These breakdowns are usually unplanned and unexpected and they cause delays in production.
Explain Accounting Control
Accounting control is the methods and procedures that are implemented by a firm to help ensure the validity and accuracy of its own financial statements. The accounting controls do not ensure compliance with laws and regulations, but rather are designed to help a company comply.
Explain Inventory
An organisations stock of materials that they have on hand. The products displayed for sale and stored in the backrooms of a department store are an example inventory.
Define Benchmarking
Is the process of comparing a business processes and performance metrics to the industry’s bests and the practices from other companies.
Define Physical control
Refers to the storing of stock, security control and physical movement of stock and regular stock take.
Explain MPS. How is it different from MRS?
Master Production Schedule. A general guide to operations which covers goods and services to be produced, methods used, the volume to be produced and staff needed to complete the work.
What is Outsourcing? How can it be beneficial? What are the disadvantages?
Is a company/organisation to purchase “goods” or subcontract “services” from an outside supplier or source
Explain Quality Control
The process or strategy for monitoring the quality of a good or service during its production or delivery. The aim of quality control is to take early corrective action if reveals it is necessary. A technique used is ‘Random Sampling’ most commonly used to check the quality of mass produced goods.
Explain Continuous Improvement
The ongoing effort to improve products and services within a business.
