Operation Of Systems Flashcards
What are the primary flight controls?
- ailerons
- rudder
- elevator
What are the secondary flight controls?
- trim
- flaps
How are the flight controls operated?
Through cables and pullies
What are flaps used for?
To increase lift and drag. Used to create slower airspeed
What type of landing gear does this plane have?
Tricycle-type system with two main wheels and a steerable nose wheel.
Describe the braking system
Hydraulic disc-type brakes on each main wheel. Hydraulic line connects to master cylinder in each rudder pedals.
How do you steer the aircraft on the ground?
Mechanical linkages connected to the rudder pedals
What type of engine do we have?
- horizontally opposed
- air cooled
- naturally aspirated
- direct drive
- 4 cylinder
- fuel injected
- 360 cubic inch displacement ( cylinder )
Who is our engine manufacturer?
Textron Lycoming
What four strokes must happen in each cylinder?
- intake
- compression
- power
- exhaust
What does the mixture control do?
It regulates the fuel to air ratio
Describe the fuel system
- Engine driven fuel pump draws fuel from tanks
- Fuel/Air control unit
- Fuel Manifold Valve
- Discharge nozzles
- Auxiliary fuel pump ( if needed )
- Fuel flow indicators
What type of engine ignition system do we have?
Provided by two engine driven magnetos and two spark plugs per cylinder.
How are magnetos started?
From crankshaft and fly wheel, gears turning creating current sent to magnetos
What are the advantages of having a dual ignition system?
- Safety
2. Improved engine performance
What type of fuel system do we have?
A “gravity feed” system. What makes the fuel flow
What purpose do fuel vents have?
As fuel decreases, a vacuum would be created ( without vents ) and would result in a decrease in fuel flow and engine stoppage
What is our electrical system?
60 amp alternator, 28 volt system, 24 volt battery
Does our plane have circuit breakers or fuses?
Circuit breakers
What are circuit breakers?
Protect our electrical circuits from an overload condition. When an overload occurs, they pop out. They can be reset one time
How does cabin heat work?
Fresh air, heated by exhaust shroud, directed to the cabin
What does the oil do?
Cools
Cleans
Lubricates
Seals
What is anti-icing? Do we have anti-icing equipment?
Prevents ice from forming. Pitot heat
What is dd-icing equipment? Do we have any?
Removes ice that has already formed. We have windshield defrosters. De-icing boots are also used on other aircrafts.
If we have anti-icing and de-icing equipment, can we fly in icing conditions?
No. Not appropriate for those conditions
What procedures must take place if an engine fire occurs in flight?
- mixture control “idle cutoff”
- fuel selector valve “off”
- master switch “off”
- cabin heat “off”
- 100 knots for increase descent if necessary
- execute forced landing checklist
What instruments operate off the pitot/static system?
Altimeter, vertical speed, and airspeed indicator
How does an altimeter work?
Measures ambient air using wafers and displays it in terms of feet above selected pressure level. They expand or compress as air pressure changes.
What is absolute altitude?
Vertical distance above terrain
What is Indicated altitude?
Altitude read directly from the instrument
What is Pressure altitude?
Altitude when altimeter is adjusted to 29.92
What is true altitude?
Vertical distance above sea level
What is density altitude?
Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature
How does the airspeed indicator work?
Measures the pressure difference from the pitot tube and static port. The difference is read on the face of the instrument
What is the white arc on the airspeed indicator?
Flap operating range
What is the green arc on the airspeed indicator?
Normal operating range
What is the yellow arc on the airspeed indicator?
Caution range
What is the red line on the airspeed indicator?
Never exceed speed
What instruments contain gyroscopes?
- turn coordinator
- heading indicator
- attitude indicator
How does the attitude indicator work?
Operates on rigity in space. The horizon bar is fixed to the gyro and remains in a horizontal plane as the aircraft is pitched or banked, indicating the attitude
What are some of the compass errors?
- Deviation error - due to magnetic disturbances in the aircraft
- Variation error - difference between true and magnetic north
What are magnetic dip errors?
- Acceleration error - on East or west headings while accelerating, it shows invalid headings. Accelerate North, decelerate South
- Northerly turn error - leads in south turns, lags in north.
Undershoot North, Overshoot South
What is AHRS?
Attitude Heading Reference System.
What is ADC?
Air Data Computer.
Controls pitot/static systems.
What is PFD?
Primary Flight display. Includes: horizon, airspeed, altitude, vertical speed, trim, rate of turn, slip/skid.
What is MFD?
Multifunction Flight Display. Includes: navigation, moving maps, terrain awareness
What is the purpose of the standby battery?
Kept charged in case if a failure of the charging system and exhaustion of main battery. Lasts 30 minutes
