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Cross Country Planning Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three common ways to navigate?

A
  1. Pilotage
  2. Dead reckoning
  3. radio navigation
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2
Q

What is Pilotage?

A

Reference to visible landmarks

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3
Q

What is dead reckoning?

A

Computing direction and distance from a known position

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4
Q

What is radio navigation?

A

Use of radio aids. GPS, VOR

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5
Q

Are EFB’s approved to replace paper reference material in the cockpit?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What is an isotonic line?

A

Lines that connect equal magnetic variation

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7
Q

What is magnetic variation?

A

Angle between true north and magnetic north

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8
Q

How do you convert a true direction to a magnetic direction?

A

East is Least ( subtract )

West is Best ( add )

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9
Q

What is magnetic deviation?

A

Deflection of compass needle due to magnetic influences in the plane

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10
Q

What is a VOR radial?

A

Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range

- line if magnetic bearing extending from the VOR ( 360 radials )

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11
Q

What is Distance Measuring Equipment? ( DME )

A

Measures ( in nautical miles ) the slant range distance of an aircraft from the navigational aid.

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12
Q

What is Global Positioning System?

A

a satellite based radio navigation that broadcasts a signal used by receivers to determine a precise location anywhere in the world.

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13
Q

What is the purpose of RAIM?

A

Self monitoring function performed by GPS receiver to ensure that adequate GPS signals are being received from the satellites at all times.

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14
Q

During a preflight briefing, will the FSS briefer automatically give you GPS NOTAMS?

A

No, they must be requested

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15
Q

What is WAAS?

A

Wide Area Augmentation System.

Ground and satellite integrated navigational error correction system.

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16
Q

What do you do if you get lost?

A

5 C’s:

Climb - better communication and visibility
Call - Call 121.5 or other known frequencies in the area.
Confess - let them know your problem
Comply - follow instructions
Conserve - conserve fuel

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17
Q

Your lost and have no GPS, how do you fly to the nearest alternate airport?

A

Use the sectional

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18
Q

What is the universal emergency frequency?

A

121.5

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19
Q

What is a CTAF?

A

Common Traffic Advisory Frequency

purpose is to carry out airport advisory practices at a non towered airport

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20
Q

What does ATIS mean?

A

Automatic Terminal Information Service

Broadcast of recorded no control information in high activity areas. Gives routine and basic information

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21
Q

If you are uncertain about a restricted area along your route if flight, what do you do?

A

Check the end panel of the VFR sectional chart

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22
Q

What restrictions apply concerning alcohol and drugs?

A

Can’t fly within 8 hours after consuming alcohol, while under the influence, while using drugs that affect persons faculties, with a concentration of .04 or more

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23
Q

Can a pilot allow a person who has been drinking or under the influence on the plane?

A

No. Unless for an emergency or a medical patient

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24
Q

Can you drop an object from the airplane?

A

No pilot can drop anything that creates a hazard to persons or property. Except for reasonable precautions to avoid injury or damage to persons or property.

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25
Q

What preflight action is required for flights away from the local departing airport?

A

91.103

N- notams 
W- weather reports
K- known ATC delays 
R- runway lengths 
A- alternatives 
F- fuel requirements 
T- takeoff and landing distances
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26
Q

Can you fly formation flight?

A

Not unless pre arranged with all pilots in command of all aircrafts in formation flight. Avoid collision avoidance

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27
Q

What is the order of right of way rules for categories?

A

Any aircraft in distress

B- ballon 
G- gliders
A- airships 
A- airplanes
R- rotorcraft
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28
Q

Who has the right of way when two airplanes are converging?

A

Airplane to the right

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29
Q

Who has the right of way when two airplanes are approaching head on?

A

Both airplanes must divert to the right

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30
Q

Who has the right of way when overtaking?

A

Aircraft being overtaken has the right of way. Pilot who is overtaking must overtake on the right

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31
Q

Who has the right of way when two airplanes are approaching to land?

A

Airplanes on final or who are landing have right of way. Airplane at the lower altitude has the right of way.

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32
Q

What is the minimum safe altitude that an aircraft can operate over congested area?

A

1,000 feet above and 2,000 horizontal

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33
Q

What is minimum safe altitude?

A

Altitude allowing an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property

34
Q

What is the lowest altitude an aircraft can operate over wildlife refuge?

A

2,000 above surface

35
Q

When can a pilot intentionally deviate from ATC instructions?

A
  1. Clearance has been obtained
  2. Emergency
  3. To avoid collision
36
Q

What is the VFR fuel requirement for night?

A

Destination + 45 minutes ( normal cruising speed )

37
Q

What is the VFR fuel requirements for day?

A

Destination + 30 minutes ( normal cruising speed )

38
Q

What rules apply when operating an aircraft above 3,000 in VFR?

A

0-179 degrees: odd plus 500

180-359 degrees: even plus 500

39
Q

What is an ELT?

A

Emergency Location Transmitter

Radio transmitter attached to the airplane structure used for locating downed aircraft

40
Q

When must the batteries in an ELT be replaced or recharged?

A

1 hour cumulative use or 50 percent battery life remains

41
Q

What are the regulations concerning supplemental oxygen?

A

Above 12,500: crew must use after 30 minutes
At or above 14,000: all crew must use for entire flight time
At or above 15,000: must be provided to passengers

42
Q

Can a flight under VFR be conducted within class Alfa?

A

No. Must be on an IFR flight plan

43
Q

Minimum flight certificate to operate in Class A?

A

Private pilot with an instrument rating

44
Q

What minimum equipment is required for Class A?

A
  1. Two way radio communication
  2. Mode C
  3. ADSB Out
  4. Instruments required for IFR flight
45
Q

What altitude is Class A at?

A

18,000 to FL600

46
Q

What equipment is required for Class B?

A
  1. ATC clearance
  2. Two way radio communications
  3. Mode C
  4. ADSB Out
47
Q

What are the minimum weather conditions for Class B?

A

3SM, Clear of clouds

48
Q

What equipment do you need to fly in Class C?

A
  1. ADSB Out
  2. Two way communication
  3. Altitude reporting transponder
  4. Mode C
49
Q

What weather conditions are required in Class C?

A

3 SM
500 below
1,000 above
2,000 horizontal

50
Q

What is a TRSA?

A

Terminal Radar Service Area

Provides ATC with radar services outside the airspace

51
Q

Where is Mode C and ADSB Out required?

A

Class A, B and C, Mode C Veil

52
Q

What are the weather requirements for Class D?

A

3- SM
500 below
1,000 above
2,000 horizontal

53
Q

What requirement is required for Class E?

A

Altitude reporting transponder, ADSB Out above 10,000

54
Q

Are you required to establish communications with a tower located in Class E?

A

Yes. Must establish two way radio to, from or through an airport with a tower

55
Q

Who do you call to obtain a special VFR?

A

Class B, C and D- the tower

Class E- nearest tower, FSS

56
Q

Can you get a Special VFR at night?

A

No. Have to be instrument rated

57
Q

What is a prohibited area? What is an example?

A

Areas where aircraft operations is prohibited. Such as the White House

58
Q

What is a restricted area?

A

Flight of aircraft is not wholly prohibited but does have restrictions. Must have authorization from controlled agency

59
Q

What is a warning area?

A

Contains activity that might be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft.

60
Q

What is a MOA?

A

Military Operations Area

Area to separate certain military training activities from IFR traffic

61
Q

What is an alert area?

A

Unusual aerial activity. Maintain collision avoidance

62
Q

What is a controlled firing area? CFA

A

Area that could be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft. Activities must be suspended immediately when aircraft is approaching or passing over

63
Q

What is a national security area?

A

Area with increased security of ground facilities. Voluntarily avoid NSA’s

64
Q

What is the standard direction of turns when approaching a non towered airport?

A

Left traffic

65
Q

Where can you look with questions regarding an airport?

A

Chart Supplement

66
Q

What is the transponder code for hijack?

67
Q

What is the transponder code for radio failure?

68
Q

What is the transponder code for emergency?

69
Q

Transponder code for VFR operations?

70
Q

When should your initial contact be made when approaching a towered airport?

A

15 miles from the airport

71
Q

How do you convert standard time to universal time?

A

Add 6 hours ( Central )

72
Q

What are NOTAMS?

A

Notices to Airmen

Time critical aeronautical information that is either temporary or not known in advance to add to charts

73
Q

What is a TFR?

A

Temporary Flight Restrictions

Issues via US NOTAMS to restrict certain aircraft from operating within an area. Can be issued for special events like President in town or large games

74
Q

Where can you find NOTAMS?

A
  1. FSS

2. NOTAM search on faa.gov

75
Q

What is a DVFR flight plan?

A

Defense VFR

Required for VFR flights into coastal or domestic ADIZ. Must be filed before departure

76
Q

Will ATC automatically close your flight plan?

77
Q

If your flight is behind schedule, and you do not report the delay, or you forgot to close flight plan, how much time do you have befire search and rescue begin?

A

30 minutes

78
Q

What is wake turbulence?

A

Phenomenon resulting in aircraft passing through atmosphere

79
Q

Where are wake turbulence and wingtip vortices likely to occur?

A

All aircraft produce wake turbulence and vortices. Avoid area behind and below aircraft, especially at low altitudes

80
Q

What is an airport hot spot?

A

Runway safety related problem area

81
Q

Why is it a good idea to write down taxiway instructions at large and unfamiliar airports?

A

Can reduce chances if pilot forgetting part of the instructions and reference for read back to ATC

82
Q

With calm or nearly calm winds at an uncontrolled airport, a pilot should be cautious of what?

A

Aircraft taking off and landing at different ends of the runway due to winds being variable.

Private Pilot Checkride (5 decks)

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