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Computer Science GCSE > Operating System > Flashcards

Operating System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an operating system?

A

The core software that controls how a computer operates

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2
Q

Give 3 examples of operating systems

A

Windows
iOS
Android

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3
Q

What 4 things do operating systems need to do?

A

Control the hardware of the computer system
Manage software
Provide Security
Provide a user interface

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4
Q

What are the 4 main parts in an operating system?

A

The Kernel
The Device Drivers
The User Interface
The System Utilities

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5
Q

What 6 tasks does the Kernel have?

A

Loading / Unloading applications from memory
Scheduling tasks to run efficiently on the CPU
Memory management
File storage to and from secondary storage devices such as the hard disk
File management
Data security

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6
Q

Why do operating systems on mobile phones need a more efficient memory management kernel than a PC?

A

Because memory is a limited resource in phones

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of user interface?

A

Menu interface
Command line interface
Graphical user interface

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8
Q

What does a user interface allow for?

A

A person to interact with the computer

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9
Q

What ways can you interact with a computer?

A

With a Computer - a mouse, keyboard, or a finger pad on a laptop
With a phone - touch screens and finger gestures

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10
Q

What do Menu-based interfaces give the user?

A

Give users a list of possible actions that the system can carry out

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11
Q

When are menu-based interfaces most commonly used?

A

When a computer is intended to only handle a small number of tasks

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12
Q

Give an example of a menu-based interface

A

The automated check-in machine at an airport

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13
Q

What does a command-line interface allow the user to do?

A

Allows the user to interact directly with the computer system by typing in text commands (instructions) into a screen such as ‘cmd.exe’

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14
Q

What is the most commonly used user interface?

A

graphical user interface (GUI)

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15
Q

What is a graphical user interface?

A

It is an easy way for people to interact with the computer because it makes use of pictures, graphics and icons

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16
Q

Give an example of a GUI

A

Windows

17
Q

What is the memory manager responsible for?

A

Managing the memory!

18
Q

What is the memory manager part of?

A

The Kernel

19
Q

Where do programs need to be loaded into before they can run?

A

RAM

20
Q

What does a memory manager do?

A

Gives each program a private memory area in which to run, in order to stop them interfering with one another

21
Q

What is memory manager also responsible for?

A

For moving programs between RAM and virtual memory

22
Q

What does a multi-tasking operating system allow for?

A

More than one program to run at the same time

23
Q

Give 2 examples of multi-tasking operating system

A

Android

Windows

24
Q

What does a multi-tasking operating system do?

A

It arranges for every process in memory to run in the CPU once they are ready to do so, switching between processes from different applications to keep them all up to date

25
Q

What do device drivers do?

A

They help hardware connected to the computer communicate with the computer’s software and with the user

26
Q

What does every piece of hardware that communicates with the operating system need?

A

a device driver

27
Q

Give 4 examples of internal hardware that needs a device driver

A

the hard disk
RAM
graphics card
sound card

28
Q

Give 4 examples of external hardware that needs a device driver

A

printer
monitor
mouse
keyboard

29
Q

What does a device driver enable?

A

The operating system to control and communicate with the device

30
Q

What is user management part of?

A

The Kernel

31
Q

What does the operating system create, as part of user management?

A

A private desktop and a set of folders that only they can access once they are logged in

32
Q

What does the operating system also control in a larger, networked computer system?

A

Controls access

33
Q

How does the operating system keep data secure and private?

A

With user access rights

34
Q

In terms of user access rights, what does the operating system do when a user logs in?

A

The operating system will know what permissions they have and restrict them accordingly

Computer Science GCSE (38 decks)

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