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Computer Science GCSE > Defensive Design > Flashcards

Defensive Design Flashcards

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1
Q

What is defensive design?

A

Is the practice of anticipating every possible way that an end-user could misuse a system or device

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2
Q

How do you know that defensive design has not been good enough?

A

When the program crashes
When the program behaves in an unintended fashion
When data security has been compromised

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3
Q

What is a menu-driven user interface?

A

A menu-driven user interface limits the user to being able to pick from a displayed list of choices

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4
Q

How can a menu interface limit the misuse of a program?

A

A menu interface can help to limit unexpected or invalid entries

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5
Q

What is a ‘graphical widget’?

A

Is a small self-contained object on-screen to allow data selection to be made

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6
Q

How does the calendar widget not allow the user to select an invalid value?

A

The date information can be encoded in any way convenient to the programmer, and the user cannot select an invalid value

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7
Q

What is the purpose of widgets?

A

Is to limit user choice to only valid values

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8
Q

What is the most flexible way of receiving inputs from a user?

A

Text input

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9
Q

What defensive design help with for text input?

A

Making it as easy as possible for the user to get things right on the first try

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10
Q

How can a programmer design to reduce errors in inputting text?

A

Inform the user of what they need to enter

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11
Q

What is validation?

A

It ensures that the data entered is valid for further processing by the program handling it

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12
Q

What are the 4 validation techniques?

A

Checking and limiting the Length of the data
Checking the Range of the data
Checking the Type of the data
Checking the Format of the data

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13
Q

What is length validation?

A

Checking to see if the entered value is within the allowed number of characters

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14
Q

What 2 options are there for the programmer if the length validation is not right?

A

Inform the user of the problem and allow them to re-enter the data
Modify the input to fit the rules (truncation)

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15
Q

What is range validation?

A

Used when inputs have to fall between certain values (e.g. If the program asked for an age, the user would have to enter a positive number)

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16
Q

What is type validation?

A

Checking that the input conforms to the allowed data types (e.g. if the input can only be a numeric value then alphabetic or symbol characters are rejected)

17
Q

What is format validation?

A

To check that the input is in the correct format

18
Q

What is a white-list?

A

A list of data that the application will accept as valid

19
Q

What is black-list?

A

A list of data that the application will reject

20
Q

How are white-list and black-list used?

A

Often used with firewall applications and email filtering applications

21
Q

What is a firewall?

A

An application that helps protect a network from intrusion or to limit what network users can access online

22
Q

What is one of the things that a firewall always checks?

A

The URL sent from a web browser within the network

23
Q

What URLs are contained within each list?

A

The whitelist may contain a list of URLs that the firewall will let through
The blacklist may contain a list of banned URLs which will be blocked

24
Q

Why is it easier to create a whitelist?

A

It is easier to define what is acceptable than to try and anticipate what is not acceptable.

25
Q

What should defensive coding have?

A

Encryption

26
Q

What is SQL injection?

A

To send unauthorised SQL queries to a database by typing extra data into some input fields

27
Q

What is a good defence against SQL injection?

A

Sanitising input

28
Q

Give 2 examples of sanitising input

A

Stripping out all whitespaces from username / password inputs
Rejecting any non-alphabetic symbols

29
Q

What is authentication?

A

A way of confirming that the user is authorised to access the system

30
Q

What is the most common way of authentication?

A

Username and Password

31
Q

What is two-factor authentication?

A

After the user enters a valid user name and password, the system sends an SMS text ‘authentication code’ to their mobile phone. They then have to enter this as well

32
Q

What is biometric authentication?

A

Checks some physical feature of the authorised person such as their fingerprint. The user puts their thumb on a fingerprint entry device, the data is sent off to a database and checked against their valid data

Computer Science GCSE (38 decks)

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