operant conditioning Flashcards
how does operant conditioning say we learn
it states everything is learned through reinforcement
what is positive reinforcement
giving someone something to increase the likelihood of a response e.g giving a sweet to a child for doing chores
what is positive punishment
giving someone something negative to decreases the chances of a behaviour happening again e.g if someone is talking over a teacher they are given a detention
what is negative punishment
having something removed to decrease the chances of the behavior happening again e.g taking a phone from a teen if they break curfew
what is negative reinforcement
providing an escape from unpleasant consequences to increase the likelihood of a behaviour happening again e.g you don’t have to stay for detention tonight if you finish all your work
what is shaping
the behaviour doesn’t occur correct the first time it needs to be continually shaped using the principles of operant conditioning
what are the 4 types of partial reinforcement
fixed interval
variable interval
fixed ratio
variable ratio
what is fixed interval reinforcement
the reads of a first correct response only after a set interval
what is a variable interval
the reward time varies following the first correct response
what is fixed ratio
when a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses
what is variable ratio
a response is reinforced after a set number of times then varies
describe skinners box experiment
-an experiment involving a rat in a box
- when the rat presses the relevant lever it is presented with good
-pressing the lever became a learnt behaviour
-we can be very controlled with this though and control how many times it has to press the lever and what the effects are
