Openstax Ch 7

Question 1

A cation is a ______ ion

Answer 1

positive

Question 2

An anion is a ______ ion

Answer 2

negative

Question 3

ionic bonds

Answer 3

forces between oppositely charged cations and anions

Question 4

Binary ionic compounds are composed of ______ elements

Answer 4

two

Question 5

metallic elements have _____ ionization energy

Answer 5

low

Question 6

low ionization energy means that atoms will _____ electrons easily

Answer 6

lose

Question 7

nonmetal elements have ____ electron affinities

Answer 7

high

Question 8

nonmetal elements are where on the periodic table?

Answer 8

upper right hand side

Question 9

all substances must be electrically ______.

Answer 9

neutral

Question 10

in a cation, the atom of a main group element loses its valence electrons to become like a _____?

Answer 10

noble gas

Question 11

covalent bonds are when atoms do what?

Answer 11

share electrons equally between themselves

Question 12

covalent bonds are formed when two atoms have similar what?

Answer 12

ionization energies and electron affinities

Question 13

covalent bonds have lower what than ionic compounds?

Answer 13

melting and boiling points

Question 14

bond length

Answer 14

determined by the distance which the lowest potential energy is achieved

Question 15

pure covalent bonds are in what molecules?

Answer 15

diatomic

Question 16

polar covalent bonds are what?

Answer 16

when one atom as a partial positive and another is a partial negative

Question 17

what is an example of a polar covalent bond?

Answer 17

H2O

Question 18

electronegativity

Answer 18

properties of the bonding atoms

Question 19

the more strongly an atom attracts the electrons, the ______ the electronegativity

Answer 19

higher

Question 20

A _____ difference in electronegativity means the atom is more ______

Answer 20

larger ; polarized

Question 21

< 0.4 electronegativity means the bonds are

Answer 21

pure covalent

Question 22

electronegativity between 0.4 (0.5) and 1.8 (2) means the bonds are

Answer 22

polar covalent

Question 23

electronegativity > 1.8 (2) means the bonds are

Answer 23

ionic

Question 24

lewis symbol

Answer 24

element symbol with valence electrons

Question 25

lewis structure

Answer 25

shows bonds between atoms

Question 26

unbonded electrons are called

Answer 26

lone pairs

Question 27

octet rule

Answer 27

each atom follows a noble gas

Question 28

free radicals

Answer 28

odd number of electrons