Chapter 5

Question 1

Gas volume changes with

Answer 1

pressure and volume

Question 2

pressure =

Answer 2

force/area

Question 3

atmospheric pressure decreases with

Answer 3

altitude

Question 4

the 4 variables that determine behavior of gasses

Answer 4

pressure, temperature,volume,amount

Question 5

ideal gas

Answer 5

gas that has linear relationships among the 4 variables

Question 6

are there true ideal gases?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

what is Boyles law?

not the formula

Answer 7

at a constant temperature, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure

Question 8

what is the formula for Boyles law?

Answer 8

PV= constant (p1t1=p2v2)

Question 9

at fixed pressure and temperature, P decreases as V

Answer 9

increases

Question 10

at a fixed temp. and pressure, P increases as V

Answer 10

decreases

Question 11

What relationship does Boyles law illustrate with gases?

Answer 11

pressure & volume

Question 12

What relationship does Charles law illustrate with gases?

Answer 12

temperature and volume

Question 13

Absolute zero is what?

Answer 13

where an ideal gas would have 0 volume

Question 14

what is the degree for absolute 0?

Answer 14

0 Kelvin

Question 15

What is the proportional part of gases in Charles law?

Answer 15

temperature and volume

Question 16

Volume decreases as temperature

Answer 16

increases

Question 17

volume increases as temperature

Answer 17

decreases

Question 18

what is a unit for force

Answer 18

newton

Question 19

what is a unit for area

Answer 19

meters^2

Question 20

what is the formula for charles law?

Answer 20

v/t = constant (v1t1 = v2t2)

Question 21

what is a unit for pressure

Answer 21

pascal

Question 22

What is the combined gas law?

Answer 22

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

Question 23

what is STP

Answer 23

standard temperature & pressure

Question 24

What is standard molar volume (not the number)

Answer 24

volume of 1 mol of an ideal gas at STP

Question 25

What is the value of standard molar volume

Answer 25

22.4 L

Question 26

What is the ideal gas law formula?

Answer 26

pV=nRT

Question 27

what is the value of R in the ideal gas law formula?

Answer 27

0.0821

Question 28

what is the density of a gas INVERSELY proportional to?

Answer 28

temperature

Question 29

what is the density of a gas DIRECTLY proportional to?

Answer 29

molar mass

Question 30

M and m represent what?

Answer 30

M = moles/molarity & m = mass

Question 31

what is the equation for finding density of a gas at STP?

Answer 31

d = MxP/RT then convert to moles

Question 32

how do you manipulate the above equation (d=MP/RT) for a change in temperature?

Answer 32

add the temperature given to the constant temp. (273 K)

Question 33

what is the equation for finding molar mass from the ideal gas law?

Answer 33

M = mRT/PV

Question 34

Gases mix ____________ in any proportions

Answer 34

homogeneously

Question 35

the pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _________?

Answer 35

partial pressure

Question 36

what does Daltons law state about gases and pressure?

Answer 36

the total pressure is the sum of all of the partial pressures

Question 37

the partial pressure of a gas is proportional to its_____?

Answer 37

mole fraction

Question 38

what are the equations for finding total pressure? (Daltons Law)

Answer 38

``` P(a) = X(a) x P(total) X(a) = n(a)/n(total) ```

Question 39

what is the Kinetic molecular theory a model for?

Answer 39

Gas Behavior

Question 40

How many postulates (points) are there in the Kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 40

three

Question 41

what is the first postulate in the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 41

- Gas particles are tiny with a lot of space between them | - the volume of each particle is so small compared to the overall volume it is assumed to be 0

Question 42

what is the second point in the Kinetic molecular theory

Answer 42

particles are in straight, random, and constant motion except for when they collide with each other or container walls

Question 43

what is the third point in the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 43

- collisions are elastic (particles transfer energy but do not lose any b/c friction) - total kinetic energy is constant - particles do not influence each other outside of collisions

Question 44

at a given temperature, all gases in a sample have the same what?

Answer 44

average kinetic energy