Opening Round Flashcards
(143 cards)
Case 1
Is there an increased risk of Renal Cell in ADPKD
No
Case 1
How does ADPKD tend to present clinically?
Hematuria
Hypertension
Renal Insufficiency
Case 1
Name two Complications of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Renal failure
- Nearly all patients
Intracranial aneurysms
- 15% of patients
Case 2
Define the four classes of Renal Trauma
Class I
- Contusion or Capsular hematoma
Class II
- Major Laceration
Class III
- Multifocal laceration or renal vessel injury
Class IV
- UPJ disruption
Case 2
How do you manage renal injury based on class
Class I
- Conservative
Class II/III
- Depends on patient stability
Class IV
- Surgery
Case 3
What is the normal path of renal migration during development?
Ureteral bud
- Develops at the S1 level
- Migrates cranially to the L2 level
Case 3
What is the most common complication of a pelvic kidney?
UPJ Obstruction
Followed by
- Reflux
- Stone formation
Case 4
What single imaging feature is diagnostic of multilocular cystic nephroma?
Herniation in to the renal pelvis
- Very specific
- Not very sensitive
Case 3
What causes pelvic ectopia of a kidney?
Arrest of cranial migration of the ureteral bud as it tries to join the metanephric bud
Case 4
DDX of a renal mass with septations and thickened margins
- Renal cell carcinoma
- Multilocular cystic nephroma
- Complicated renal cyst
- Infection
- Hemorrhage
Case 5
Causes of unilateral papillary necrosis?
Pyelonephritis
Ureteral Obstruction
Tuberculosis
Renal Vein Thrombosis
Case 4 What Bosniak class cystic masses require surgery?
III and IV
Case 5
Name causes of Papillary Necrosis
POSTCARD
Pyelonephritis Obstruction Sickle Cell Disease TB Cirrhosis / Pancreatitis Analgesic Abuse Renal Vein Thrombosis Diabetes
Case 6
T/F
Hydronephrosis in the setting of pyeolonephritis may be nonobstructive
True
- Bacterial Endotoxin
- Smooth muscle paralysis
- Non-obstructive hydronephrosis
Case 6
What is the mechanism by which Pyelonephritis occurs
Infection ascending from the bladder via reflux
Case 5
Are filling defects in Papillary Necrosis in the renal calyx or the medulla
Medulla
Case 6
What else can look like pyeolonephritis?
Renal contusion
Case 6
What is the cause of decreased enhancement in pyelonephritis?
Papillary necrosis
Case 7
What is the likelihood that a calcified renal mass is a renal cell?
60%
–> All calcified renal masses should be further evaluated
Case 7
Is rim calcification a benign or malignant feature
80% Benign
- Cysts complicated by
- Infection
- Hemorrhage
20 % malignant!
(the q may be asked in reverse)
Case 8
What stage is an RCC with renal vein tumor thrombosis?
III
Case 8
How often do you see synchronous RCC lesions?
2%
Case 9
Is RCC more common in men or women?
Men
- x 2
- Age 50-70
Case 10
How often do you see synchronous TCC lesions?
40%
vs RCC
- 2%